2021年埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔大学综合专科医院高血压患者的中风相关知识、预防措施及相关因素
Stroke Related Knowledge, Prevention Practices and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.
作者信息
Woldetsadik Fkrte Kebede, Kassa Tesfa, Bilchut Workagegnehu Hailu, Kibret Alemu Kassaw, Guadie Yisak Girma, Eriku Getachew Azeze
机构信息
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Front Neurol. 2022 Apr 19;13:839879. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.839879. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Stroke is a global health problem, causing significant morbidities and mortalities in both developing and developed countries. Patients living with chronic diseases like hypertension are at a high risk of stroke. Approximately 80% of strokes could be prevented with necessary preventive practices. There is scarce evidence in the preventive practices in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge and prevention practices related to stroke among hypertensive patients at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 393 hypertensive patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from May 1st to June 30th, 2021. The study participants were selected by a systematic random sampling technique. A semi-structured and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The data was entered into EPI Info version 7.2.1 and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. Binary logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify associated factors. The level of significance was determined using the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% CI at a -value of 0.05.
RESULTS
Participants in this study had adequate knowledge of stroke and good prevention practices in 40.7% (95% CI: 35.9, 45.5) and 51.7% (95 CI: 46.8, 56.5) of cases, respectively. Attending secondary education and above 4.6 (95% CI: 2.08, 10.17), knowing someone who has had a stroke 13.17 (95% CI: 7.3, 23.77), and physical activity 4.05 (95% CI: 2.23, 7.36) were all significantly associated with adequate stroke knowledge. Furthermore, educational status (attending primary education 2.61 (95% CI: 1.44, 4.73) and secondary education and above 3.75 (95% CI: 1.99, 7.05), being an urban dweller 9.65 (95% CI: 5.04, 18.44), duration of hypertension 1.9 (95% CI: 1.15, 3.14), knowing someone with a stroke 2.27 (95% CI: 1.30, 3.93), and physical activity 1.76 (95% CI: 1.03, 3.01) were associated with good stroke prevention practices.
CONCLUSION
The proportion of participants with good-related knowledge and prevention practice is relatively good.
引言
中风是一个全球性的健康问题，在发展中国家和发达国家都会导致严重的发病率和死亡率。患有高血压等慢性病的患者中风风险很高。通过必要的预防措施，大约80%的中风是可以预防的。在埃塞俄比亚，特别是在研究地区，预防措施方面的证据很少。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔大学综合专科医院高血压患者对中风的认知及预防措施。
方法
2021年5月1日至6月30日，在贡德尔大学综合专科医院对393名高血压患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。研究参与者采用系统随机抽样技术选取。使用半结构化且由访谈员管理的问卷收集数据。数据录入EPI Info 7.2.1版本，并使用SPSS 23.0版本进行分析。进行二元逻辑回归分析以确定相关因素。显著性水平使用调整后的优势比（AOR）及其95%置信区间，α值为0.05来确定。
结果
本研究中的参与者分别在40.7%（95%置信区间：35.9，45.5）和51.7%（95%置信区间：46.8，56.5）的病例中对中风有足够的认知和良好的预防措施。接受中等及以上教育4.6（95%置信区间：2.08，10.17）、认识中风患者13.17（95%置信区间：7.3，23.77）以及进行体育锻炼4.05（95%置信区间：2.23，7.36）均与足够的中风知识显著相关。此外，教育程度（接受小学教育2.61（95%置信区间：1.44，4.73）和中等及以上教育3.75（95%置信区间：1.99，7.05））、居住在城市9.65（95%置信区间：5.04，18.44）、高血压病程1.9（95%置信区间：1.15，3.14）、认识中风患者2.27（95%置信区间：1.30，3.93）以及进行体育锻炼1.76（95%置信区间：1.03，3.01）与良好的中风预防措施相关。
结论
具有良好相关知识和预防措施的参与者比例相对较好。
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