Yang Xiong, Zhou Jing, Xing Xiaoling, Huang Yafeng, Yan Zhengfeng, Xue Qi, Wang Xiaofeng, Wang Bozhou
Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi'an 710065 China
State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemical Xi'an 710065 China.
RSC Adv. 2020 Jul 14;10(44):26425-26432. doi: 10.1039/d0ra04517a. eCollection 2020 Jul 9.
3,3'-Bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole)-5,5'-diylbis(methylene)dinitrate (BOM) is a liquid phase carrier for melt cast explosives that is expected to replace TNT. The combination of a conjugated 1,2,4-oxadiazole backbone and nitrate ester groups endows BOM with both good energetic performance and impressive insensitivity. In this paper, the thermal behaviors of BOM were investigated using a TG-DSC synchronous thermal analyzer, proving that BOM is basically non-volatile under heating and melting processes. The apparent activation energy of BOM calculated by the Kissinger method was 158.2 kJ mol at atmospheric pressure, which is higher than that of DNTF at atmospheric pressure and TNT at 2 MPa, indicating good thermal stability at low temperatures. The thermal decomposition mechanism of BOM was studied through both DSC-MS and FTIR technologies. The low eutectic characteristics of BOM and DNTF were also investigated carefully and the best ratio of BOM/DNTF was 40/60 with a melting point at 75.5 °C. Finally, the detonation performances of TNT/HMX, BOM/HMX and BOM/DNTF(40/60)/HMX explosive formulations were calculated, showing that the detonation performances of the latter two formulations were significantly higher than that of TNT/HMX.
3,3'-联（1,2,4-恶二唑）-5,5'-二亚甲基二硝酸酯（BOM）是一种用于熔铸炸药的液相载体，有望取代三硝基甲苯（TNT）。共轭的1,2,4-恶二唑主链与硝酸酯基团的结合赋予了BOM良好的能量性能和令人印象深刻的钝感。本文使用TG-DSC同步热分析仪研究了BOM的热行为，证明BOM在加热和熔化过程中基本不挥发。通过基辛格方法计算得出，BOM在常压下的表观活化能为158.2 kJ/mol，高于常压下的二硝基四氮杂戊烷（DNTF）和2 MPa下的TNT，表明其在低温下具有良好的热稳定性。通过DSC-MS和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术研究了BOM的热分解机理。还仔细研究了BOM与DNTF的低共熔特性，BOM/DNTF的最佳比例为40/60，熔点为75.5℃。最后，计算了TNT/奥克托今（HMX）、BOM/HMX和BOM/DNTF(40/60)/HMX炸药配方的爆轰性能，结果表明后两种配方的爆轰性能明显高于TNT/HMX。
