Ali Wael, Shabani Valbone, Linke Matthias, Sayin Sezin, Gebert Beate, Altinpinar Sedakat, Hildebrandt Marcus, Gutmann Jochen S, Mayer-Gall Thomas
Deutsches Textilforschungszentrum Nord-West gGmbH Adlerstr. 1 D-47798 Krefeld Germany
Department of Physical Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstrasse 2 D-45141 Essen Germany.
RSC Adv. 2019 Feb 5;9(8):4553-4562. doi: 10.1039/c8ra04594a. eCollection 2019 Jan 30.
In this work, a pioneering study on the electrical properties of composite carbon nanofibres (CNFs) using current-sensitive atomic force microscopy (CS-AFM) has been demonstrated. CNFs are highly interesting materials which are usable in a wide array of applications electrode materials for biosensors, lithium ion batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors. CNFs offer a high specific surface area and thus have a high contact area for charge transfer. CNFs can be produced using spinnable polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a precursor for carbonisation. For the purpose of developing efficient CNFs with high conductivity and power density, silver nanoparticle (AgNPs)-containing PAN solutions were electrospun to form composite nanofibres which was followed by heat treatment. The applied voltage of the spinning setup and the content of both PAN and the silver nanoparticles in the spinning solution were varied in order to study their influence on the morphology and the electrical properties of the nanofibres. The resultant morphologies and fibre diameters were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The formation of silver nanoparticles was characterised in solution by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS), while energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were carried out to investigate the presence as well as the average diameter of the AgNPs. The electrical properties of the CNFs were investigated using CS-AFM. This technique gives us the possibility to explore the electrical properties of single fibers and hence derive relationships between the structural features and the electrical properties. Our results show that the composite CNFs have a higher electrical conductivity than the neat CNFs and both the average diameter of the fibers and the electrical conductivity increase with an increasing AgNP content.
在这项工作中，已经展示了一项使用电流敏感原子力显微镜（CS-AFM）对复合碳纳米纤维（CNF）电学性质的开创性研究。CNF是非常有趣的材料，可用于广泛的应用中，如生物传感器、锂离子电池、燃料电池和超级电容器的电极材料。CNF具有高比表面积，因此具有高电荷转移接触面积。可以使用可纺聚丙烯腈（PAN）作为碳化前驱体来制备CNF。为了开发具有高导电性和功率密度的高效CNF，将含银纳米颗粒（AgNP）的PAN溶液进行电纺以形成复合纳米纤维，然后进行热处理。改变纺丝装置的施加电压以及纺丝溶液中PAN和银纳米颗粒的含量，以研究它们对纳米纤维形态和电学性质的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）确定所得形态和纤维直径。通过紫外可见吸收光谱和动态光散射（DLS）在溶液中表征银纳米颗粒的形成，同时进行能量色散X射线光谱（EDX）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）以研究AgNP的存在及其平均直径。使用CS-AFM研究CNF的电学性质。该技术使我们有可能探索单根纤维的电学性质，从而得出结构特征与电学性质之间的关系。我们的结果表明，复合CNF比纯CNF具有更高的电导率，并且纤维的平均直径和电导率都随着AgNP含量的增加而增加。
