Ponomarev Igor I, Skupov Kirill M, Naumkin Alexander V, Basu Victoria G, Zhigalina Olga M, Razorenov Dmitry Y, Ponomarev Ivan I, Volkova Yulia A
Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova St., 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Av., 59 Moscow 119333 Russia.
RSC Adv. 2019 Jan 10;9(1):257-267. doi: 10.1039/c8ra07177b. eCollection 2018 Dec 19.
The development of fuel cells is an important part of alternative energy studies. High-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) is a very promising and commercialized type of fuel cell since it allows the use of hydrogen contaminated with CO. However, current advances in HT-PEMFC are based on searching for more sustainable materials for the membrane electrode assembly. The key issue is to find new, more stable carbonaceous Pt-electrocatalyst supports instead of the traditional carbon black powder. In the present study, we primarily demonstrate a new electrode design concept. Complex carbon nanofiber paper (CNFP) electrodes, obtained by polyacrylonitrile (PAN) electrospinning with further pyrolysis at 900-1200 °C, are suitable for platinum deposition and were probed as the gas-diffusion electrode for HT-PEMFC. Complex composite electrodes were obtained by introducing zirconium and nickel salts into the electrospinning PAN solution. After pyrolysis, ZrO and Ni(0) nanoparticles were distributed in the CNFP throughout the whole nanofiber volume, as it is seen in the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. The samples were thoroughly studied by X-ray photoelectron, Raman and impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and elemental analysis. The MEAs designed on platinized composite CNFPs demonstrate higher performance at 180 °C compared to non-composite ones and are comparable with commercial Celtec® P1000.
燃料电池的发展是替代能源研究的重要组成部分。高温聚合物电解质膜燃料电池（HT-PEMFC）是一种非常有前景且已商业化的燃料电池类型，因为它允许使用含有一氧化碳的氢气。然而，目前HT-PEMFC的进展基于寻找更可持续的膜电极组件材料。关键问题是找到新的、更稳定的含碳铂电催化剂载体，以替代传统的炭黑粉。在本研究中，我们主要展示了一种新的电极设计概念。通过聚丙烯腈（PAN）静电纺丝并在900-1200°C下进一步热解获得的复合碳纳米纤维纸（CNFP）电极适用于铂沉积，并被用作HT-PEMFC的气体扩散电极。通过将锆盐和镍盐引入静电纺丝的PAN溶液中获得复合复合电极。热解后，ZrO和Ni(0)纳米颗粒分布在整个纳米纤维体积的CNFP中，这在高分辨率透射电子显微镜图像中可以看到。通过X射线光电子能谱、拉曼光谱和阻抗谱、循环伏安法和元素分析对样品进行了全面研究。与非复合的相比，在镀铂复合CNFP上设计的MEA在180°C时表现出更高的性能，并且与商业Celtec® P1000相当。
