Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba City, Chiba, JAPAN.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 Oct 1;54(10):1657-1664. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002954. Epub 2022 May 5.
This study aimed to identify the association between a specific sports type and exercise group participation and longitudinal changes in sociopsychological health among community-dwelling older adults.
Three years of data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study were used, comprising a total of 33,746 men and 36,799 women age ≥65 yr. To determine the relationship between 20 types of sports and exercise group participation in 2016 (baseline) and changes in depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15)), self-rated health (4-point scale), subjective well-being (11-point scale), and frequency of laughter (days per month) from 2016 to 2019, we performed linear regression analyses with conducting a multivariate adjustment for potential confounders using an inverse probability weighting method.
The mean changes over 3 yr were +0.32 and +0.28 in GDS-15, -0.06 and -0.05 in self-rated health, -0.08 and -0.06 in subjective well-being, and -1.21 and -1.19 in frequency of laughter, in men and women, respectively. Men playing golf in a group were more likely to suppress an increase in the GDS-15 ( B = -0.11, 95% confidence interval, -0.18 to -0.05) and decreases in self-rated health (0.04, 0.02 to 0.06), subjective well-being (0.07, 0.02 to 0.12), and frequency of laughter (0.45, 0.11 to 0.80). Women participating in walking, weight exercises, and hiking groups were more likely to prevent an increase in the GDS-15 (-0.12, -0.19 to -0.04; -0.09, -0.18 to -0.01; and -0.16, -0.30 to -0.03, respectively) and decreases in self-rated health (0.03, 0.01 to 0.05; 0.03, 0.01 to 0.06; and 0.08, 0.04 to 0.12, respectively).
Golf in older men and walking, weight exercises, and hiking in older women could be recommended as an effective program for promoting sociopsychological health among older adults in Japan.
本研究旨在确定特定运动类型和运动小组参与与社区居住的老年人社会心理健康的纵向变化之间的关联。
使用日本老年评估研究的三年数据，包括年龄≥65 岁的 33746 名男性和 36799 名女性。为了确定 2016 年（基线）20 种运动类型和运动小组参与与 2016 年至 2019 年期间抑郁症状（老年抑郁量表（GDS-15））、自我评估健康状况（4 分制）、主观幸福感（11 分制）和笑声频率（每月天数）变化之间的关系，我们使用逆概率加权法进行了多元调整潜在混杂因素的线性回归分析。
男性和女性的平均变化分别为 3 年 GDS-15 增加 0.32 和 0.28，自我评估健康状况下降 0.06 和 0.05，主观幸福感下降 0.08 和 0.06，笑声频率下降 1.21 和 1.19。男性集体打高尔夫球的人更有可能抑制 GDS-15 的增加（B=-0.11，95%置信区间，-0.18 至-0.05）和自我评估健康状况（0.04，0.02 至 0.06）、主观幸福感（0.07，0.02 至 0.12）和笑声频率（0.45，0.11 至 0.80）的下降。女性参加步行、举重和徒步旅行小组更有可能防止 GDS-15 增加（-0.12，-0.19 至-0.04；-0.09，-0.18 至-0.01；和-0.16，-0.30 至-0.03）和自我评估健康状况下降（0.03，0.01 至 0.05；0.03，0.01 至 0.06；和 0.08，0.04 至 0.12）。
在日本，建议老年人打高尔夫球和老年人步行、举重和徒步旅行作为促进老年人社会心理健康的有效计划。
