Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan.
Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan; Health and Sport Science, University of Tsukuba, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Soc Sci Med. 2021 May;276:113827. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113827. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Few studies have examined whether changes in participation in civic associations can mitigate depressive symptoms among older disaster survivors.
We examined prospectively the association between changes in participation in civic associations and changes in depressive symptoms among older survivors of the 2011 Great Eastern Japan Earthquake.
We analyzed questionnaire-based survey data on pre- and post-disaster participation in civic associations and depressive symptoms compiled for 3567 respondents aged 65 years and above. Changes in these symptoms were assessed using a 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) as a continuous variable for 2010 and 2013. We investigated four types of civic associations: sports, hobby, voluntary groups, and senior citizens' clubs. Changes in participation were calculated by subtracting the participation frequency measured in 2010 from that measured in 2013. Applying 95% confidence intervals, we used linear regression models with imputation to estimate the age- and sex-adjusted and multivariate-adjusted standardized coefficients.
The survivors' GDS scores increased by 0.13 points on average between the pre-disaster and post-disaster periods. Average changes in the participation frequencies of respondents in each group were respectively +0.36 days/year, -5.63 days/year, +0.51 days/year, and -1.45 days/year. Increased frequencies of participation in the sports and hobby groups were inversely associated with changes in GDS scores (B = -0.003, Cohen's f = 0.10, P = 0.01 and B = -0.002, Cohen's f = 0.08, P = 0.04, respectively). The associations did not differ depending on the experience of housing damage caused by the disaster. In addition, we did not observe a significant association between changes in participation frequencies for voluntary groups or senior citizens' clubs and changes in GDS scores after multivariable adjustment.
Depressive symptoms of older adults post-disaster may be mitigated through increased frequency of participation in sports and hobby groups; yet, civic participation did not mitigate the adverse impact of disaster experiences on mental health.
很少有研究探讨参与公民协会的变化是否可以减轻老年灾难幸存者的抑郁症状。
我们前瞻性地研究了 2011 年东日本大地震后，参与公民协会的变化与老年幸存者抑郁症状变化之间的关系。
我们分析了为 3567 名 65 岁及以上的受访者编制的基于问卷调查的灾难前后参与公民协会和抑郁症状的数据。使用老年抑郁量表（GDS）的 15 项作为连续变量评估这些症状的变化，该量表用于 2010 年和 2013 年。我们调查了四种类型的公民协会：体育、爱好、志愿团体和老年人俱乐部。通过从 2010 年测量的参与频率中减去 2013 年测量的参与频率来计算参与的变化。应用 95%置信区间，我们使用带有插补的线性回归模型来估计年龄和性别调整后的和多变量调整后的标准化系数。
幸存者的 GDS 评分在灾难前和灾难后期间平均增加了 0.13 分。每个组的受访者参与频率的平均变化分别为+0.36 天/年、-5.63 天/年、+0.51 天/年和-1.45 天/年。体育和爱好团体参与频率的增加与 GDS 评分的变化呈负相关（B=-0.003，Cohen's f=0.10，P=0.01 和 B=-0.002，Cohen's f=0.08，P=0.04）。这些关联不因灾难造成的住房损坏经历而有所不同。此外，在多变量调整后，我们没有观察到志愿团体或老年人俱乐部参与频率的变化与 GDS 评分变化之间存在显著关联。
通过增加体育和爱好团体的参与频率，可能会减轻灾难后老年人的抑郁症状；然而，公民参与并没有减轻灾难经历对心理健康的不利影响。
