William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Department of Veterinary Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2022 Sep;32(5):653-662. doi: 10.1111/vec.13209. Epub 2022 May 6.
To describe the clinical and clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, and outcome for dogs and cats with a confirmed foxtail.
Retrospective study utilizing a medical records database over a 10-year period from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018.
University teaching hospital.
Seven hundred and fifty-four dogs and 37 cats with a diagnosis of foxtail foreign body. Cases with direct visualization by a clinician or on histopathology were included. Information extracted for each case included signalment; anatomical foxtail location; clinicopathological and imaging findings; treatments and interventions provided; and outcome.
The prevalence of foxtail associated disease was 0.25% in dogs and 0.07% in cats over this time period. Most animals were young to middle-aged and presented in the summer months. The most common location in dogs was the aural canal, cutaneous/subcutaneous space, and nasal canal. In cats, ocular foxtails were most common (30/37). Blood work changes were nonspecific. Ultrasound supervised by a boarded radiologist was utilized in 114 cases, mainly for subcutaneous, sublumbar, and intracavitary foxtail locations, with successful location of a foxtail in 72.8% of cases scanned. Computed tomography was performed in 78 dogs with suspected intracavitary foxtail migration, and in all cases, structural changes related to the presence of the foxtail were found. Anerobic bacteria were most commonly isolated when a culture was submitted, with Actinomyces spp. rarely isolated. The most common of the 120 anaerobic isolates were Bacteroides/Prevotella spp. (n = 38), Fusobacterium spp. (n = 32), and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (n = 30).
The short-term outcome for foxtail-associated lesions is good, and most cases can be managed on an outpatient basis. A minority of cases develop life-threatening disease and may require a multidisciplinary approach of multimodal imaging, endoscopy, or surgery.
描述确诊为狐尾的犬猫的临床和临床病理学特征、治疗方法和结局。
回顾性研究，利用 2009 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日 10 年间的医疗记录数据库。
大学教学医院。
754 只犬和 37 只猫被诊断为狐尾异物。包括临床医生直接观察或组织病理学检查的病例。每个病例提取的信息包括：品种；狐尾的解剖位置；临床病理学和影像学发现；提供的治疗和干预措施；以及结果。
在此期间，犬的狐尾相关疾病患病率为 0.25%，猫的患病率为 0.07%。大多数动物为中青年，主要在夏季就诊。犬最常见的部位是耳道、皮肤/皮下组织和鼻腔。在猫中，眼部狐尾最常见（37 例中的 30 例）。血液检查结果无特异性。超声检查由 board 认证的放射科医生进行，主要用于皮下、腰荐部和腔隙内狐尾定位，72.8%扫描的狐尾位置成功定位。对 78 只疑似腔内狐尾迁移的犬进行了计算机断层扫描，所有病例均发现与狐尾存在相关的结构变化。当进行培养时，最常分离出厌氧菌，很少分离出放线菌。120 株厌氧菌中最常见的是拟杆菌/普雷沃菌属（n = 38）、梭杆菌属（n = 32）和厌氧消化链球菌（n = 30）。
狐尾相关病变的短期预后良好，大多数病例可在门诊进行治疗。少数病例会发展为危及生命的疾病，可能需要多模式成像、内窥镜检查或手术等多学科方法。
