SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 1;837:155705. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155705. Epub 2022 May 3.
Landfill sites have been regarded as a significant source of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) in groundwater. However, our understanding about the compositions of CECs in landfill leachate and adjacent groundwater is still very limited. Here we investigated the CECs in landfill leachates and groundwater of Guangzhou in South China by target, suspect and non-target analysis using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). A variety of CECs (n = 242), including pharmaceuticals (n = 64), pharmaceutical intermediates (n = 18), personal care products (n = 9), food additives (n = 18), industrial chemicals (n = 82, e.g., flame retardants, plasticizers, antioxidants and catalysts), pesticides (n = 26), transformation products (n = 8) and other organic compounds (n = 17) were (tentatively) identified by non-target and suspect screening. 142 CECs were quantitated with target analysis, and among them 37, 24 and 27 CECs were detected respectively in the raw leachate (272-1780 μg/L), treated leachate (0.25-0.81 μg/L) and groundwater (0.10-53.7 μg/L). The CECs in the raw leachates were efficiently removed with the removal efficiencies greater than 88.7%. Acesulfame, bisphenol F and ketoprofen were the most abundant compounds in both treated leachate and groundwater. The CECs in groundwater was found most likely to be originated from the landfill sites. Our results highlight the importance of non-target screening in identifying CECs, and reveal the contamination risk of groundwater by landfill leachate.
垃圾填埋场被认为是地下水新兴关注化学物质（CECs）的重要来源。然而，我们对垃圾渗滤液和相邻地下水中 CECs 的组成的了解仍然非常有限。在这里，我们通过使用高分辨率质谱（HRMS）进行靶向、可疑和非靶向分析，研究了中国南方广州垃圾填埋场渗滤液和地下水中的 CECs。通过非靶向和可疑筛选，共鉴定出 242 种 CECs（包括药品 64 种、医药中间体 18 种、个人护理产品 9 种、食品添加剂 18 种、工业化学品 82 种[如阻燃剂、增塑剂、抗氧化剂和催化剂]、农药 26 种、转化产物 8 种和其他有机化合物 17 种）。通过靶向分析定量了 142 种 CECs，其中原始渗滤液（272-1780μg/L）、处理后的渗滤液（0.25-0.81μg/L）和地下水中（0.10-53.7μg/L）分别检测到 37、24 和 27 种 CECs。原始渗滤液中的 CECs 经处理后去除效率大于 88.7%。乙酰磺胺酸钾、双酚 F 和酮洛芬是处理后的渗滤液和地下水中含量最丰富的化合物。地下水中的 CECs 最有可能来自垃圾填埋场。我们的研究结果强调了非靶向筛选在识别 CECs 中的重要性，并揭示了垃圾渗滤液对地下水的污染风险。
