Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (UCLEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY), UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Centre National de Ressources Et de Résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), 59000, Lille, France.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2022 Aug;239(8):2647-2657. doi: 10.1007/s00213-022-06158-w. Epub 2022 May 6.
Visuo-perceptive deficits in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) remain little understood, notably regarding the respective involvement of the two main human visual streams, i.e., magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways, in these deficits. Besides, in healthy populations, low-level visual perception can adapt depending on the nature of visual cues, among which emotional features, but this MC and PC pathway adaptation to emotional content is unexplored in SAUD.
To assess MC and PC functioning as well as their emotional modulations in SAUD.
We used sensitivity indices (d') and repeated-measures analyses of variance to compare orientation judgments of Gabor patches sampled at various MC- and PC-related spatial frequencies in 35 individuals with SAUD and 38 matched healthy controls. We then explored how emotional content modulated performances by introducing neutral or fearful face cues immediately before the Gabor patches and added the type of cue in the analyses.
SAUD patients showed a general reduction in sensitivity across all spatial frequencies, indicating impoverished processing of both coarse and fine-scale visual content. However, we observed selective impairments depending on facial cues: individuals with SAUD processed intermediate spatial frequencies less efficiently than healthy controls following neutral faces, whereas group differences emerged for the highest spatial frequencies following fearful faces. Altogether, SAUD was associated with mixed MC and PC deficits that may vary according to emotional content, in line with a flexible but suboptimal use of low-level visual content. Such subtle alterations could have implications for everyday life's complex visual judgments.
严重酒精使用障碍（SAUD）患者的视觉感知缺陷仍知之甚少，特别是在涉及两个主要的人类视觉通路，即大细胞（MC）和小细胞（PC）通路，在这些缺陷中的各自参与方面。此外，在健康人群中，低水平的视觉感知可以根据视觉线索的性质进行适应，其中包括情绪特征，但在 SAUD 中，尚未探索 MC 和 PC 通路对情绪内容的适应。
评估 SAUD 患者的 MC 和 PC 功能及其对情绪的调制。
我们使用敏感指数（d'）和重复测量方差分析来比较 35 名 SAUD 患者和 38 名匹配的健康对照者在各种 MC 和 PC 相关空间频率下对 Gabor 补丁的方位判断。然后，我们通过在 Gabor 补丁之前立即引入中性或恐惧面孔线索，探索情绪内容如何调节性能，并在分析中加入线索类型。
SAUD 患者在所有空间频率下的敏感性均普遍降低，表明对粗糙和精细视觉内容的处理都减少了。然而，我们观察到依赖于面部线索的选择性损伤：与健康对照组相比，SAUD 患者在中性面孔后处理中等空间频率的效率较低，而在恐惧面孔后则出现了最高空间频率的组间差异。总的来说，SAUD 与混合的 MC 和 PC 缺陷相关，这些缺陷可能根据情绪内容而变化，这与低水平视觉内容的灵活但不理想的使用一致。这种微妙的改变可能会对日常生活中复杂的视觉判断产生影响。
