Prigioniero Antonello, Zuzolo Daniela, Niinemets Ülo, Postiglione Alessia, Mercurio Mariano, Izzo Francesco, Trifuoggi Marco, Toscanesi Maria, Scarano Pierpaolo, Tartaglia Maria, Sciarrillo Rosaria, Guarino Carmine
Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy.
Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, via de Sanctis snc, Benevento 82100, Italy.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Aug 5;435:129029. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129029. Epub 2022 Apr 29.
We explored relationships between particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) leaf concentrations, uptake rates and leaf surface functional traits in four Mediterranean evergreen trees (Chamaerops humilis, Citrus × aurantium, Magnolia grandiflora, and Quercus ilex) during a dry month. Pollutant leaf concentration at different dates and uptake rate were correlated. We quantified PM by gravimetric analysis, PAHs were extracted from intact and dewaxed leaves and analyzed by GC-MS, and cuticle thickness, number and surface of stomata (N and S) and trichomes (N and S) were determined by optical microscopy. Infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the leaves surfaces composition and assess esterification index (E). Studied species were characterized by unique combinations of functional traits and pollutant uptake capacities. PM uptake scaled positively with S, S and upper cuticle thickness (T) across species. PM uptake scaled positively with T, and thicker cuticles were also associated with greater shares of uptake of hydrophobic PM fractions. Uptakes of different fractions of PAH were generally weakly related to different leaf functional traits, except for some correlations with E and S. We conclude that both plant surface morphological and chemical leaf traits influence PM and PAH retention, unveiling their potential role in air phytoremediation.
在一个干燥月份，我们研究了四种地中海常绿树木（矮棕竹、酸橙、广玉兰和冬青栎）中颗粒物（PM）与多环芳烃（PAHs）的叶片浓度、吸收速率以及叶片表面功能性状之间的关系。不同日期的污染物叶片浓度与吸收速率相关。我们通过重量分析对PM进行定量，从完整和脱蜡的叶片中提取PAHs并通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪进行分析，通过光学显微镜测定角质层厚度、气孔数量和面积（N和S）以及毛状体数量和面积（N和S）。利用红外光谱研究叶片表面组成并评估酯化指数（E）。所研究的物种具有独特的功能性状和污染物吸收能力组合。跨物种的PM吸收与S、S和上表皮厚度（T）呈正相关。PM吸收与T呈正相关，较厚的角质层也与疏水性PM组分吸收的更大比例相关。除了与E和S的一些相关性外，不同PAH组分的吸收通常与不同的叶片功能性状弱相关。我们得出结论，植物表面形态和化学叶片性状都会影响PM和PAH的滞留，揭示了它们在空气植物修复中的潜在作用。
