Martin Benjamin L, Steventon Benjamin
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, USA.
Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Dev Biol. 2022 Jul;487:67-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.04.010. Epub 2022 May 2.
Vertebrate embryos establish their primary body axis in a conserved progressive fashion from the anterior to the posterior. During this process, a posteriorly localized neuromesodermal cell population called neuromesodermal progenitors (NMps) plays a critical role in contributing new cells to the spinal cord and mesoderm as the embryo elongates. Defects in neuromesodermal population development can cause severe disruptions to the formation of the body posterior to the head. Given their importance during development and their potential, some of which has already been realized, for revealing new methods of in vitro tissue generation, there is great interest in better understanding NMp biology. The zebrafish model system has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of the molecular and cellular attributes of the NM cell population and its derivatives. In this review, we focus on our current understanding of the zebrafish NM population and its contribution to body axis formation, with particular emphasis on the lineage potency, morphogenesis, and niche factors that promote or inhibit differentiation.
脊椎动物胚胎以从前到后的保守渐进方式建立其主要身体轴。在此过程中，一种位于后部的神经中胚层细胞群体，称为神经中胚层祖细胞（NMps），在胚胎伸长时为脊髓和中胚层贡献新细胞方面发挥着关键作用。神经中胚层群体发育的缺陷会导致头部后方身体形成的严重破坏。鉴于它们在发育过程中的重要性及其潜力（其中一些潜力已经实现），即揭示体外组织生成的新方法，人们对更好地理解NMp生物学非常感兴趣。斑马鱼模型系统在推进我们对NM细胞群体及其衍生物的分子和细胞特性的理解方面发挥了重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注我们目前对斑马鱼NM群体及其对身体轴形成的贡献的理解，特别强调促进或抑制分化的谱系潜能、形态发生和生态位因子。
