Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Exp Neurol. 2022 Aug;354:114104. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114104. Epub 2022 May 4.
The use of touchscreen technology to evaluate cognitive deficits in animal models has grown tremendously over the past 20 years. The touchscreen apparatus encompasses many advantages, namely a high level of standardization and translational capability. Improvements in technology in recent years have expanded the versatility of the touchscreen platform, as it is able to test distinct cognitive modalities including working memory, attention, discrimination, and association. Importantly, touchscreen technology has allowed researchers to explore deficits in multiple pillars of cognition in a wide variety of perinatal disorders with neurological sequelae across critical developmental windows. The touchscreen platform has been used to dissect deficits in antenatal CNS injury including fetal alcohol syndrome, prenatal opioid exposure, and chorioamnionitis, to peripartum insults such as term hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, to early postnatal insults including infantile traumatic brain injury. Most importantly, touchscreen technology offers the sensitivity necessary to detect subtle injury and treatment-induced changes in cognition and executive function beyond those offered by more rudimentary tests of rodent cognition. Understanding the pathophysiology of these disorders in rodents is paramount to addressing these deficits in human infants and dissecting the neural circuitry essential to perinatal brain injury pathophysiology and responsiveness to novel therapeutics. Touchscreen testing provides an effective, facile, sophisticated technique to accelerate the goal of improving cognitive and behavioral outcomes of children who suffer perinatal brain injury.
在过去的 20 年中，使用触摸屏技术评估动物模型中的认知缺陷已经有了巨大的发展。触摸屏设备具有许多优势，即高度标准化和可转化性。近年来技术的改进扩展了触摸屏平台的多功能性，因为它能够测试不同的认知模式，包括工作记忆、注意力、辨别力和联想。重要的是，触摸屏技术使研究人员能够在关键的发育窗口中，在具有神经后遗症的多种围产期疾病中探索认知的多个支柱的缺陷。触摸屏平台已被用于剖析包括胎儿酒精综合征、产前阿片类药物暴露和绒毛膜羊膜炎在内的产前中枢神经系统损伤、足月缺氧缺血性脑病等围产期损伤以及婴儿创伤性脑损伤等早期产后损伤的缺陷。最重要的是，触摸屏技术提供了必要的敏感性，能够检测到认知和执行功能的细微损伤和治疗诱导的变化，而这些变化是更基本的啮齿动物认知测试所无法提供的。了解这些疾病在啮齿动物中的病理生理学对于解决人类婴儿的这些缺陷以及剖析围产期脑损伤病理生理学和对新型治疗方法的反应所必需的神经回路至关重要。触摸屏测试提供了一种有效、简便、复杂的技术，可以加速改善遭受围产期脑损伤的儿童的认知和行为结果的目标。
