Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Gelderland, The Netherlands.
Ouva, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Value Health. 2022 Jun;25(6):914-923. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2021.11.1372. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
The majority of all developed digital health technologies do not reach successful implementation. A discrepancy among technology design, the context of use, and user needs and values is identified as the main reason for this failure. Value-sensitive design (VSD) is a design method enabling to align design with user values by embedding values in technology, yet the method is lacking clear heuristics for practical application. To improve the successful design and implementation of digital health, we propose and evaluate a stepwise approach to VSD.
The approach consists of the phases: experiment, demonstrate, and validate. Experiment takes place in an office to create makeshift solutions. Demonstrate takes place in a mock-up environment and aims to optimize design requirements through user feedback. The validate phase takes place in an authentic care situation and studies how the novel technology affects current workflows.
We applied the stepwise VSD approach to the design of a hospital-based ambient intelligence solution for remotely and continuously monitoring quality and safety of patient care. We particularly focused on embodiment of the values of safety, privacy, and inclusiveness in the design. Design activities of the experiment and demonstrate phase are discussed.
A stepwise approach to VSD enables a design to optimally meet the values of all users involved, while aligning the design process with the practical limitations of healthcare institutions. We discuss some benefits and challenges related to VSD and the potential for transfer of this approach to other digital health solutions.
大多数已开发的数字健康技术都未能成功实施。技术设计、使用环境以及用户需求和价值观之间的差异被认为是失败的主要原因。价值敏感设计（VSD）是一种设计方法，通过将价值观嵌入技术中，使设计与用户价值观保持一致，但该方法缺乏明确的实用应用启发式。为了提高数字健康的成功设计和实施，我们提出并评估了一种逐步的 VSD 方法。
该方法包括三个阶段：实验、演示和验证。实验在办公室进行，以创建临时解决方案。演示在模拟环境中进行，旨在通过用户反馈优化设计要求。验证阶段在真实的护理环境中进行，研究新技术如何影响当前的工作流程。
我们将逐步的 VSD 方法应用于设计一种基于医院的环境智能解决方案，用于远程和连续监测患者护理的质量和安全性。我们特别关注在设计中体现安全、隐私和包容性的价值观。讨论了实验和演示阶段的设计活动。
逐步的 VSD 方法使设计能够最佳地满足所有相关用户的价值观，同时使设计过程与医疗机构的实际限制保持一致。我们讨论了与 VSD 相关的一些益处和挑战，以及将这种方法转移到其他数字健康解决方案的潜力。
