比较太极拳和一般有氧运动对有抑郁症状的老年人体重、血压和血糖控制的影响：一项随机试验。
Comparison of the effects of Tai Chi and general aerobic exercise on weight, blood pressure and glycemic control among older persons with depressive symptoms: a randomized trial.
机构信息
Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2022 May 7;22(1):401. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03084-6.
BACKGROUND
Blood pressure and glycemic control are associated with the management of depressive symptoms in patients with depression. Previous studies have demonstrated that both Tai Chi and aerobic exercise have positive effects on blood pressure and glycemic control. Few studies have compared the physiological effects of Tai Chi versus aerobic exercise in older adults with depressive symptoms. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of Tai Chi and aerobic exercise on weight, body mass index, blood pressure and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in older persons with mild to moderate-severe depressive symptoms.
METHODS
A randomized controlled trial was performed. The older persons (age ≥ 60 years old) with depressive symptoms were recruited. Then, participants were randomly allocated to the Tai Chi group and the aerobic exercise group received a 12-week 24-movement Yang's Tai Chi intervention and aerobic exercise, respectively. Data collection occurred at baseline and after completion of the interventions (week 12).
RESULTS
A total of 238 participants with mild to moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms were included in the final analysis, including 120 in the Tai Chi group and 118 in the aerobic exercise group. The difference in weight and body mass index in the Tai Chi group was 2.0 kg (Z = -4.930, P < 0.001) and 0.77 kg/m (Z = -5.046, P < 0.001) higher than that in the aerobic exercise group, respectively. After the 12-week intervention, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in the Tai Chi group were 5.50 mmHg (Z = -2.282, P = 0.022) and 8.0 mmHg (Z = -3.360, P = 0.001) lower than that in the aerobic exercise group, respectively. The difference in HbA1c level in the Tai Chi group was 0.50% higher than that in the aerobic exercise group (Z = -4.446, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study showed that Tai Chi exercise was more effective in improving blood pressure and HbA1c level than general aerobic exercise. It suggested that Tai Chi might be an effective approach for the management of blood pressure and long-term glucose control in older persons with depressive symptoms.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2100042534 . Registration date: 23/01/2021, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=120602 .
背景
血压和血糖控制与抑郁症患者的抑郁症状管理有关。先前的研究表明，太极拳和有氧运动对血压和血糖控制都有积极影响。很少有研究比较太极拳和有氧运动对有抑郁症状的老年人的生理影响。本研究旨在比较太极拳和有氧运动对有轻至中度-重度抑郁症状的老年人的体重、体重指数、血压和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平的影响。
方法
进行了一项随机对照试验。招募了有抑郁症状的老年人（年龄≥60 岁）。然后，参与者被随机分配到太极拳组和有氧运动组，分别接受 12 周的 24 式杨氏太极拳干预和有氧运动。数据采集在基线和干预结束时（第 12 周）进行。
结果
共有 238 名有轻至中度至重度抑郁症状的参与者纳入最终分析，其中太极拳组 120 名，有氧运动组 118 名。太极拳组体重和体重指数的差异分别为 2.0 公斤（Z=-4.930，P<0.001）和 0.77 公斤/米（Z=-5.046，P<0.001）高于有氧运动组。经过 12 周的干预，太极拳组收缩压和舒张压分别降低 5.50 毫米汞柱（Z=-2.282，P=0.022）和 8.0 毫米汞柱（Z=-3.360，P=0.001）低于有氧运动组。太极拳组的 HbA1c 水平差异比有氧运动组高 0.50%（Z=-4.446，P<0.001）。
结论
本研究表明，太极拳运动在改善血压和 HbA1c 水平方面比一般有氧运动更有效。这表明太极拳可能是一种有效的管理有抑郁症状的老年人血压和长期血糖控制的方法。
试验注册
试验注册：ChiCTR，ChiCTR2100042534。注册日期：2021 年 1 月 23 日，http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=120602。
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