The University of Arkansas, USA.
The University of Arkansas, USA.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2022 Jul-Aug;65:55-68. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.04.014. Epub 2022 May 5.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with the current prevalence at one in 44 children, is the most rapidly escalating neurodevelopmental disorder in the United States. While the 2000 to 2018 Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network reports indicate progress toward identifying children with ASD by age 24 months, the actual age at which most children receive a diagnosis, ranging between age 51 to 53 months, has not significantly changed since 2000. Racial and gender disparities further complicate ASD identification. This article explores past ADDM findings to highlight ASD identification practices and provide relevant care management recommendations for primary care clinicians. Armed with this information, clinicians can improve ASD identification in their practice and advocate for beneficial, evidence-based health policies that decrease known disparities and enhance ASD care management for all.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的现行患病率为每 44 名儿童中有 1 名，是美国发病率增长最快的神经发育障碍。尽管 2000 年至 2018 年自闭症和发育障碍监测（ADDM）网络报告表明，在 24 个月大时识别自闭症谱系障碍儿童的工作取得了进展，但大多数儿童实际接受诊断的年龄（51 至 53 个月）自 2000 年以来并未显著改变。种族和性别差异使自闭症谱系障碍的识别更加复杂。本文探讨了过去 ADDM 的研究结果，以强调自闭症谱系障碍的识别实践，并为初级保健临床医生提供相关的护理管理建议。有了这些信息，临床医生可以在他们的实践中提高自闭症谱系障碍的识别能力，并倡导有益的、基于证据的健康政策，以减少已知的差异，并加强所有自闭症谱系障碍儿童的护理管理。
