China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
Qingdao ETSONG Technology Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266000, PR China.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 1;446:116045. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116045. Epub 2022 May 5.
Xylitol is a hygroscopic compound known to protect nasal cavity against bacteria. It has also been developed into nasal spray and evaluated as a potential candidate drug for respiratory diseases. Consequently, it is necessary to study its inhalation toxicity. Based on our previous study on its subacute inhalation toxicity, this study aimed to investigate the safety of xylitol inhalation for long-term use. According to the OECD Test Guideline 413, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups and exposed with different concentrations of xylitol aerosol or air. After exposure for 90-day, the recovery groups were continued to observe for a recovery period of 28-day. No significant changes in body weight were observed between sham and xylitol groups. Several significant differences in hematological, clinical chemistry, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were observed, which either had no dose-effect relationship for both male and female rats or were restored during the recovery period. Finally, except for high dose group of xylitol, two rats showed a small amount of inflammatory exudate in alveolar and bronchial cavities, which was restored in the recovery period. The rest of rats showed no obvious difference. For the recovery groups, no significant difference was observed between these two groups. In conclusion, the no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) of xylitol in our subchronic inhalation toxicological experiments was 2.9 mg/L, which indicated that xylitol for rats' long-time inhalation is tolerant and safe.
木糖醇是一种吸湿性化合物，已知可保护鼻腔免受细菌侵害。它也已被开发成鼻腔喷雾剂，并被评估为治疗呼吸道疾病的潜在候选药物。因此，有必要研究其吸入毒性。基于我们之前对其亚急性吸入毒性的研究，本研究旨在探讨长期吸入木糖醇的安全性。根据 OECD 测试指南 413，将 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠随机分为六组，分别用不同浓度的木糖醇气雾剂或空气进行暴露。暴露 90 天后，恢复组继续观察 28 天的恢复期。假手术组和木糖醇组之间的体重无明显变化。在雄性和雌性大鼠中，血液学、临床化学、支气管肺泡灌洗液均观察到一些有显著差异的变化，但无剂量-效应关系，或在恢复期得到恢复。最后，除了高剂量组的木糖醇外，两只大鼠的肺泡和支气管腔内有少量炎性渗出物，在恢复期得到恢复。其余大鼠没有明显差异。对于恢复组，两组之间没有观察到显著差异。总之，在我们的亚慢性吸入毒性实验中，木糖醇的无可见不良效应水平（NOAEL）为 2.9mg/L，这表明大鼠长时间吸入木糖醇是耐受和安全的。
