[Idiopathic pleuroparenehymal fibroelastosis: five case reports and review of literature].

To raise the awareness of idiopathic pleuroparenehymal fibroelastosis (iPPFE) through investigating the clinical, radiographic and pathological features. Five cases of iPPFE proved by pathology. The clinical data were studied respectively, and the relevant literature was reviewed. All the cases of iPPFE were manifested by cough and dyspnea. The patients including 3 males and 2 females, aged from 30 to 70 years Chest CT scan showed pleural thickening, subpleural consolidation in both upper lungs complicated with tractive bronchiectasis.Computed tomography-guided percutaneous lung biopsy or surgical lung were performed and the same pathological showed pleura and subpleural dense elastic and collagen fibers. The elastic fibers stain was also positive,which was consistent with PPFE. One patient received low-dose corticosteroid, two received pirfenidone therapy, the others received no treatment. Three patients were stable during the follow-up. iPPFE has characteristic pathological features. However, the number of clinically reported cases is low due to missed diagnosis or misdiagnosed. Improving the understanding of features of iPPFE is helpful for the dianosis, therapy, and prognosis of this disease.