Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 2079, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 383, Dammam 31113, Saudi Arabia.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Apr 26;2022:9059371. doi: 10.1155/2022/9059371. eCollection 2022.
Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) have been used in medical, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Furthermore, NPs can cross the blood-brain barrier and encourage some effects on spatial learning and memory in organism. Here, we investigate the possible neurotoxicity of Ag-NPs with special emphasis on the neuroprotective impacts of yttrium-oxide nanoparticles (YO-NPs) in male mice. Male mice ( = 24) were weekly intraperitoneally injected for 35 days as the following; groups I, II, III, and IV received tap water (control), Ag-NPs (40 mg/kg), YO-NPs (40 mg/kg), and Ag-NPs/YO-NPs (40 mg/kg each), respectively. After that, animals were tested in shuttle box, Morris water-maze, and T-maze devices to evaluate the spatial learning and memory competence. Neurotransmitters and oxidative indices in the forebrain were estimated. According to behavioral studies, the male animals from the Ag-NP group presented worse memory than those in the control group. The biochemical changes after Ag-NP exposure were observed through increasing TBARS levels and decline in oxidative biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GST, and GSH) and neurotransmitters (DOP, SER, and AChE) in the forebrain of male mice compared to untreated animals. Interestingly, the animals treated with mixed doses of Ag-NPs and YO-NPs displayed improvements in behavioral tests, oxidative parameters, and neurotransmitters compared to males treated with Ag-NPs alone. In conclusion, the abnormal behavior related to learning and memory in male mice induced by Ag-NPs was significantly alleviated by YO-NPs. Specifically, the coinjection of YO-NPs with Ag-NPs moderates the disruption in neurotransmitters, oxidative indices of mice brains, which reflects on their cognitive behaviors.
银纳米粒子（Ag-NPs）已被应用于医学、农业和工业等领域。此外，纳米粒子可以穿过血脑屏障，并对生物体的空间学习和记忆产生一些影响。在这里，我们研究了 Ag-NPs 的可能神经毒性，特别强调了氧化钇纳米粒子（YO-NPs）对雄性小鼠的神经保护作用。雄性小鼠（n = 24）每周经腹腔注射 35 天，如下分组：I、II、III 和 IV 组分别给予自来水（对照）、Ag-NPs（40mg/kg）、YO-NPs（40mg/kg）和 Ag-NPs/YO-NPs（各 40mg/kg）。之后，通过穿梭箱、Morris 水迷宫和 T 迷宫装置测试动物，以评估其空间学习和记忆能力。检测前脑的神经递质和氧化指标。根据行为学研究，Ag-NP 组的雄性动物比对照组的记忆更差。与未处理的动物相比，Ag-NP 暴露后，雄性小鼠前脑的 TBARS 水平升高，氧化生物标志物（SOD、CAT、GST 和 GSH）和神经递质（DOP、SER 和 AChE）下降，表明生化变化。有趣的是，与单独用 Ag-NPs 处理的雄性动物相比，用 Ag-NPs 和 YO-NPs 混合剂量处理的动物在行为测试、氧化参数和神经递质方面均有改善。综上所述，Ag-NPs 引起的雄性小鼠学习和记忆相关的异常行为，经 YO-NPs 处理后明显缓解。具体来说，YO-NPs 与 Ag-NPs 共同注射可调节小鼠大脑神经递质和氧化指标的紊乱，从而反映其认知行为。
