Zhang Yanjun, Zhao Hongbo, Zhang Yisheng, Qian Lu, Zhang Luyuan, Meng Xiaoyu, Lv Xin, Janjua Hussnain Ahned, Qiu Guanzhou
School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University No. 932 Lushan South Road, Yuelu District Changsha Hunan China 410083
Key Lab of Biohydrometallurgy of Ministry of Education Changsha Hunan China.
RSC Adv. 2019 Aug 27;9(46):26609-26618. doi: 10.1039/c9ra03658j. eCollection 2019 Aug 23.
Marmatite and bornite are commonly associated together in nature, and their interactions in an acidic environment are vital for both (bio)hydrometallurgy and acid mine drainage (AMD) production. In this work, dissolution experiments (marmatite : bornite = 2 : 0, 3 : 1, 1 : 1, 1 : 3 and 0 : 2) accompanied by analytic techniques such as electrochemical methods, Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation-XRD (SR-XRD) were utilized to interpret the interactions between marmatite and bornite in acidic abiotic and biotic systems. The dissolution experiments showed that marmatite can significantly accelerate the oxidative dissolution of bornite, especially in the abiotic system. On the contrary, bornite inhibited the oxidative dissolution of marmatite when the percentage of bornite was high. Electrochemical measurements proved that the galvanic interactions between marmatite and bornite were slight and should not be the main cause for the interactions. Combined with the dissolution experiments, analytic techniques and previous references, it could be speculated that marmatite accelerated bornite dissolution mainly by providing an iron source, which acted as the energy source for microorganisms and oxidants. Bornite affected the dissolution of marmatite mainly by Cu ions dissolving from bornite. Bornite inhibited the oxidative dissolution of marmatite mainly because a high Cu concentration could significantly hinder marmatite dissolution. In addition, the formation of elemental sulfur or jarosite was also one important cause. Bornite intensified marmatite dissolution when the percentage of bornite or the Cu concentration was extremely low and then, a synergic dissolution process occurred.
铁闪锌矿和斑铜矿在自然界中通常共生，它们在酸性环境中的相互作用对（生物）湿法冶金和酸性矿山废水（AMD）的产生都至关重要。在本研究中，通过电化学方法、拉曼光谱和同步辐射X射线衍射（SR-XRD）等分析技术，进行了溶解实验（铁闪锌矿∶斑铜矿 = 2∶0、3∶1、1∶1、1∶3和0∶2），以阐释铁闪锌矿和斑铜矿在酸性非生物和生物体系中的相互作用。溶解实验表明，铁闪锌矿能显著加速斑铜矿的氧化溶解，尤其是在非生物体系中。相反，当斑铜矿比例较高时，斑铜矿会抑制铁闪锌矿的氧化溶解。电化学测量证明，铁闪锌矿和斑铜矿之间的电偶相互作用很微弱，不应是相互作用的主要原因。结合溶解实验、分析技术和先前的参考文献，可以推测铁闪锌矿主要通过提供铁源来加速斑铜矿的溶解，铁源作为微生物的能源和氧化剂。斑铜矿主要通过从斑铜矿中溶解出的铜离子影响铁闪锌矿的溶解。斑铜矿抑制铁闪锌矿的氧化溶解主要是因为高浓度的铜会显著阻碍铁闪锌矿的溶解。此外，元素硫或黄钾铁矾的形成也是一个重要原因。当斑铜矿比例或铜浓度极低时，斑铜矿会强化铁闪锌矿的溶解，进而发生协同溶解过程。
