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硅酸钠和纳米二氧化钛增强木材复合材料的表面硬度及可燃性

Surface hardness and flammability of NaSiO and nano-TiO reinforced wood composites.

作者信息

Garskaite Edita, Karlsson Olov, Stankeviciute Zivile, Kareiva Aivaras, Jones Dennis, Sandberg Dick

机构信息

Wood Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology Forskargatan 1 SE-931 87 Skellefteå Sweden

Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University Naugarduko 24 Vilnius LT-03225 Lithuania.

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2019 Sep 10;9(48):27973-27986. doi: 10.1039/c9ra05200c. eCollection 2019 Sep 3.

DOI:10.1039/c9ra05200c
PMID:35530478
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9071003/
Abstract

The objective of this study was to explore an effect of the combined inorganic materials on the wood hardness and flame-retardancy properties in a concept of sustainable material management. Herein, the reinforcement of Scots pine ( L.) sapwood with sodium silicate and TiO nanoparticles vacuum-pressure technique is reported. Pyrolysis of modified wood was studied by TG-FTIR analysis; the results showed that maximum weight loss for the modified wood was obtained at 40-50 °C lower temperatures compared to the reference untreated wood. The Gram-Schmidt profiles and spectra extracted at maxima absorption from Gram-Schmidt plots indicated chemical changes in wood-inorganic composites. SEM/EDS analysis revealed the presence of Na-O-Si solid gel within the wood-cell lumen and showed that TiO was homogeneously distributed within the amorphous Na-O-Si glass-forming phase to form a thin surface coating. EDS mapping further revealed the higher diffusivity of sodium into the cell wall compared to the silicon compound. The presence of amorphous sodium silicate and nano-TiO was additionally confirmed by XRD analysis. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical changes in Scots pine sapwood induced by alkalization. Brinell hardness test showed that the hardness of the modified wood increased with the highest value (44% increase in hardness) obtained for 10% NaSiO-TiO modified wood. The results showed good correlation between TG and flammability test; limiting oxygen index (LOI) values for the wood-inorganic composites increased by 9-14% compared to the untreated wood.

摘要

本研究的目的是在可持续材料管理的概念下，探索无机材料组合对木材硬度和阻燃性能的影响。在此，报道了采用真空压力技术用硅酸钠和二氧化钛纳米颗粒增强欧洲赤松边材。通过热重-傅里叶变换红外光谱（TG-FTIR）分析研究了改性木材的热解；结果表明，与未处理的参考木材相比，改性木材在低40-50°C的温度下获得了最大失重。从Gram-Schmidt图的最大吸收处提取的Gram-Schmidt曲线和光谱表明木材-无机复合材料发生了化学变化。扫描电子显微镜/能谱（SEM/EDS）分析显示在木材细胞腔中存在Na-O-Si固体凝胶，并表明TiO均匀分布在无定形的Na-O-Si玻璃形成相中，形成薄的表面涂层。EDS映射进一步显示钠比硅化合物更容易扩散到细胞壁中。X射线衍射（XRD）分析进一步证实了无定形硅酸钠和纳米TiO的存在。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）证实了碱化对欧洲赤松边材化学性质的影响。布氏硬度测试表明，改性木材的硬度增加，10%NaSiO-TiO改性木材的硬度增加幅度最大（硬度增加44%）。结果表明TG与燃烧性测试之间具有良好的相关性；与未处理的木材相比，木材-无机复合材料的极限氧指数（LOI）值提高了9-14%。

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