Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
J Med Internet Res. 2022 May 9;24(5):e36943. doi: 10.2196/36943.
Increased mobile phone penetration allows the interviewing of respondents using interactive voice response surveys in low- and middle-income countries. However, there has been little investigation of the best type of incentive to obtain data from a representative sample in these countries.
We assessed the effect of different airtime incentives options on cooperation and response rates of an interactive voice response survey in Bangladesh and Uganda.
The open-label randomized controlled trial had three arms: (1) no incentive (control), (2) promised airtime incentive of 50 Bangladeshi Taka (US $0.60; 1 BDT is approximately equivalent to US $0.012) or 5000 Ugandan Shilling (US $1.35; 1 UGX is approximately equivalent to US $0.00028), and (3) lottery incentive (500 BDT and 100,000 UGX), in which the odds of winning were 1:20. Fully automated random-digit dialing was used to sample eligible participants aged ≥18 years. The risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals for primary outcomes of response and cooperation rates were obtained using log-binomial regression.
Between June 14 and July 14, 2017, a total of 546,746 phone calls were made in Bangladesh, with 1165 complete interviews being conducted. Between March 26 and April 22, 2017, a total of 178,572 phone calls were made in Uganda, with 1248 complete interviews being conducted. Cooperation rates were significantly higher for the promised incentive (Bangladesh: 39.3%; RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.24-1.55, P<.001; Uganda: 59.9%; RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.33-1.62, P<.001) and the lottery incentive arms (Bangladesh: 36.6%; RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.15-1.45, P<.001; Uganda: 54.6%; RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21-1.48, P<.001) than those for the control arm (Bangladesh: 28.4%; Uganda: 40.9%). Similarly, response rates were significantly higher for the promised incentive (Bangladesh: 26.5%%; RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.14-1.39, P<.001; Uganda: 41.2%; RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.16-1.39, P<.001) and lottery incentive arms (Bangladesh: 24.5%%; RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06-1.29, P=.002; Uganda: 37.9%%; RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06-1.29, P=.001) than those for the control arm (Bangladesh: 21.0%; Uganda: 32.4%).
Promised or lottery airtime incentives improved survey participation and facilitated a large sample within a short period in 2 countries.
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03773146; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03773146.
移动电话普及率的提高使得在中低收入国家可以使用交互式语音应答调查来采访受访者。然而，对于在这些国家中从代表性样本中获得数据的最佳激励类型，研究甚少。
我们评估了不同的通话时间激励方案对孟加拉国和乌干达交互式语音应答调查的合作和响应率的影响。
这项开放标签的随机对照试验有三个组：（1）无激励（对照组），（2）承诺的通话时间激励 50 孟加拉塔卡（0.60 美元；1 孟加拉塔卡约等于 0.012 美元）或 5000 乌干达先令（1.35 美元；1 乌干达先令约等于 0.00028 美元），（3）彩票激励（500 孟加拉塔卡和 100000 乌干达先令），其中获胜的概率为 1:20。完全自动化的随机数字拨号用于抽样年龄≥18 岁的合格参与者。使用对数二项式回归获得主要结局（应答率和合作率）的风险比（RR）及其 95%置信区间。
2017 年 6 月 14 日至 7 月 14 日，在孟加拉国共拨打了 546746 个电话，进行了 1165 次完整的访谈。2017 年 3 月 26 日至 4 月 22 日，在乌干达共拨打了 178572 个电话，进行了 1248 次完整的访谈。与对照组相比，承诺激励（孟加拉国：39.3%；RR 1.38，95%CI 1.24-1.55，P<.001；乌干达：59.9%；RR 1.47，95%CI 1.33-1.62，P<.001）和彩票激励（孟加拉国：36.6%；RR 1.28，95%CI 1.15-1.45，P<.001；乌干达：54.6%；RR 1.34，95%CI 1.21-1.48，P<.001）的合作率显著更高。同样，与对照组相比，承诺激励（孟加拉国：26.5%；RR 1.26，95%CI 1.14-1.39，P<.001；乌干达：41.2%；RR 1.27，95%CI 1.16-1.39，P<.001）和彩票激励（孟加拉国：24.5%；RR 1.17，95%CI 1.06-1.29，P=.002；乌干达：37.9%；RR 1.17，95%CI 1.06-1.29，P=.001）的应答率显著更高。
在 2 个国家中，承诺或彩票通话时间激励提高了调查参与度，并在短时间内完成了大量样本。
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03773146；http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03773146.
