Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, US.
The University of Texas, Houston, Houston, TX, US.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2022;11(2):177-183. doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000514.
Giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis are large-vessel vasculitides that share multiple common features but also have significant differences in epidemiology, demographics, clinical presentation, evaluation, and treatment. Giant cell arteritis is more common in elderly patients of Caucasian descent versus Takayasu arteritis, which is more prevalent in younger patients of Asian descent. Although traditionally age has been the main criterion for differentiating the 2 etiologies, modifications in the diagnostic criteria have recognized the overlap between the 2 conditions. In this monograph, we review the diagnostic criteria for both conditions and describe the epidemiology, pathogenesis, histology, evaluation, and management for large-vessel vasculitis in ophthalmology. Additionally, we describe ocular imaging techniques that may be utilized by ophthalmologists to identify manifestations of large-vessel vasculiti- des in patients. Lastly, we compare and contrast the key clinical, laboratory, and pathologic features that might help ophthalmologists to differentiate the 2 entities.
巨细胞动脉炎和 Takayasu 动脉炎是大血管血管炎，它们具有多个共同特征，但在流行病学、人口统计学、临床表现、评估和治疗方面也存在显著差异。巨细胞动脉炎在高加索裔老年患者中更为常见，而 Takayasu 动脉炎在亚洲裔年轻患者中更为常见。尽管传统上年龄是区分这两种病因的主要标准，但诊断标准的修改已经认识到这两种疾病之间存在重叠。在本专论中，我们回顾了这两种疾病的诊断标准，并描述了眼科大血管血管炎的流行病学、发病机制、组织病理学、评估和管理。此外，我们描述了眼科医生可能用于识别大血管血管炎患者表现的眼部成像技术。最后，我们比较和对比了可能有助于眼科医生区分这两种实体的关键临床、实验室和病理特征。
