基于系统发育基因组学和生物地理学分析阿魏属（伞形科）揭示的地中海至东亚被忽视的扩散途径。

An overlooked dispersal route of Cardueae (Asteraceae) from the Mediterranean to East Asia revealed by phylogenomic and biogeographical analyses of Atractylodes.

机构信息

Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity Group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Shanghai, China.

出版信息

Ann Bot. 2022 Jul 19;130(1):53-64. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcac059.

DOI:10.1093/aob/mcac059

PMID:35533344

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9295924/

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

The East Asian-Tethyan disjunction pattern and its mechanisms of formation have long been of interest to researchers. Here, we studied the biogeographical history of Asteraceae tribe Cardueae, with a particular focus on the temperate East Asian genus Atractylodes DC., to understand the role of tectonic and climatic events in driving the diversification and disjunctions of the genus.

METHODS

A total of 76 samples of Atractylodes from 36 locations were collected for RAD-sequencing. Three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) datasets based on different filtering strategies were used for phylogenetic analyses. Molecular dating and ancestral distribution reconstruction were performed using both chloroplast DNA sequences (127 Cardueae samples) and SNP (36 Atractylodes samples) datasets.

KEY RESULTS

Six species of Atractylodes were well resolved as individually monophyletic, although some introgression was identified among accessions of A. chinensis, A. lancea and A. koreana. Dispersal of the subtribe Carlininae from the Mediterranean to East Asia occurred after divergence between Atractylodes and Carlina L. + Atractylis L. + Thevenotia DC. at ~31.57 Ma, resulting in an East Asian-Tethyan disjunction. Diversification of Atractylodes in East Asia mainly occurred from the Late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene.

CONCLUSIONS

Aridification of Asia and the closure of the Turgai Strait in the Late Oligocene promoted the dispersal of Cardueae from the Mediterranean to East China. Subsequent uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as well as changes in Asian monsoon systems resulted in an East Asian-Tethyan disjunction between Atractylodes and Carlina + Atractylis + Thevenotia. In addition, Late Miocene to Quaternary climates and sea level fluctuations played major roles in the diversification of Atractylodes. Through this study of different taxonomic levels using genomic data, we have revealed an overlooked dispersal route between the Mediterranean and far East Asia (Japan/Korea) via Central Asia and East China.

摘要

背景与目的

长期以来，东亚-特提斯离散模式及其形成机制一直是研究人员关注的焦点。在这里，我们研究了菊科族蓟属的生物地理历史，特别关注温带东亚属白术属，以了解构造和气候事件在驱动该属的多样化和离散中的作用。

方法

共采集了来自 36 个地点的 76 个白术样本进行 RAD 测序。使用三种基于不同过滤策略的单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 数据集进行系统发育分析。使用叶绿体 DNA 序列（127 个蓟属样本）和 SNP（36 个白术样本）数据集进行分子年代测定和祖先分布重建。

主要结果

6 种白术被很好地解析为单独的单系群，尽管在 A. chinensis、A. lancea 和 A. koreana 的一些样本中存在基因渗入。Carlininae 亚科从地中海扩散到东亚发生在白术属和 Carlina L. + Atractylis L. + Thevenotia DC 分化之后，大约在 31.57 Ma 时，导致东亚-特提斯离散。白术属在东亚的多样化主要发生在中新世晚期到更新世早期。

结论

亚洲干旱化和晚渐新世图尔盖海峡的关闭促进了蓟属从地中海向中国东部的扩散。随后，青藏高原的隆升以及亚洲季风系统的变化导致了白术属与 Carlina + Atractylis + Thevenotia 在东亚和特提斯之间的离散。此外，中新世晚期到第四纪的气候和海平面波动在白术属的多样化中发挥了重要作用。通过使用基因组数据研究不同的分类水平，我们揭示了一条被忽视的从中亚到东亚（日本/韩国）的地中海传播途径。