Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2022 Oct;34(10):e14392. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14392. Epub 2022 May 9.
We sought to determine how a low fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet (LFD) affected high FODMAP food intake, nutrient intake, and diet quality in children with functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD).
Children (ages 7-13 years) with Rome IV FAPD began a dietitian-guided LFD. Three-day food records were captured at baseline and 2-3 weeks into the LFD. Intake of high FODMAP foods, energy, macronutrients, micronutrients, food groups, and ultra-processed foods were determined.
Median age of participants was 11 years, and 19/31 (61%) were female. Twenty-eight (90%) decreased high FODMAP food intake on the LFD: overall median (25-75%) high FODMAP foods/day decreased from 5.7 (3.6-7.3) to 2 (0.3-3.7) (p < 0.001). A more adherent subset (n = 22/71%) of participants consumed on average ≤3 high FODMAP foods per day during the LFD. Baseline nutritional intake and quality were generally poor with several micronutrient deficiencies identified. Diet quality improved on the LFD with increased servings of vegetables and protein and decreased consumption of ultra-processed foods, trans-fatty acids, and added sugars. On the LFD, there were significant decreases in total carbohydrates and thiamin (remained within recommended intake) and significant increases in vitamin B6 (p = 0.029), vitamin C (p = 0.019), and vitamin E (p = 0.009). Children more adherent to the LFD further increased vitamin D, magnesium, potassium, and fat servings.
The majority of children with FAPD on a dietitian-led LFD successfully decreased high FODMAP food intake. Children with FAPD on the LFD (vs. baseline) modestly improved micronutrient intake and diet quality.
我们旨在确定低发酵寡糖、双糖、单糖和多元醇（FODMAP）饮食（LFD）如何影响功能性腹痛障碍（FAPD）儿童的高 FODMAP 食物摄入、营养摄入和饮食质量。
患有罗马 IV FAPD 的儿童（7-13 岁）开始接受营养师指导的 LFD。在基线和 LFD 进行 2-3 周时，采集了 3 天的食物记录。确定高 FODMAP 食物、能量、宏量营养素、微量营养素、食物组和超加工食品的摄入量。
参与者的中位年龄为 11 岁，19/31（61%）为女性。28（90%）人在 LFD 中减少了高 FODMAP 食物的摄入：总体中位数（25-75%）高 FODMAP 食物/天从 5.7（3.6-7.3）减少到 2（0.3-3.7）（p<0.001）。更遵守饮食的亚组（n=22/71%）在 LFD 期间平均每天摄入≤3 种高 FODMAP 食物。基线营养摄入和质量普遍较差，发现了几种微量营养素缺乏。在 LFD 上，饮食质量得到改善，蔬菜和蛋白质的份量增加，超加工食品、反式脂肪酸和添加糖的摄入量减少。在 LFD 上，总碳水化合物和硫胺素（保持在推荐摄入量内）显著减少，维生素 B6（p=0.029）、维生素 C（p=0.019）和维生素 E（p=0.009）显著增加。更遵守 LFD 的儿童进一步增加了维生素 D、镁、钾和脂肪的摄入量。
大多数接受营养师指导的 LFD 的 FAPD 儿童成功地减少了高 FODMAP 食物的摄入。接受 LFD（与基线相比）的 FAPD 儿童适度增加了微量营养素的摄入和饮食质量。
