Roheen Zabih Ur Rahman, Saleh Mirwais, Mushkani Tawfiq Ahmad
Ophthalmology Department, Kabul University of Medical Science, Kabul, Afghanistan.
Int Med Case Rep J. 2022 May 3;15:235-238. doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S363384. eCollection 2022.
Keratomalacia refers to an ocular destructive dryness of the cornea that results from severe vitamin A deficiency. It is an ocular condition, usually affecting both eyes. It affects infants, children and women of reproductive age. In developing countries, vitamin A deficiency in the diet and associated keratomalacia are a major cause of childhood blindness.
To report the clinical finding of a patient with bilateral keratomalacia arising from severe vitamin A deficiency from a malnourished diet.
Case report.
A two-year-old female with severe malnutrition presented with 3 weeks of watering and tonic blepharospasm affecting the right and left eyes. She exhibited trichomegaly, severe weight loss, abnormal hairs with complete corneal melt in the right and left eyes and inflamed iris tissue in the right eye. She was treated with high dose vitamin A, but the right eye required evisceration and tarsorrhaphy was done in the left eye.
The visual morbidity associated with xerophthalmia secondary to vitamin A deficiency can be devastating. Diet-induced vitamin A deficiency is prevalent in developing and war-torn countries. A good history taking and review of systems are valuable in evaluating malnourished patients with corneal melt.
角膜软化症是指由于严重维生素A缺乏导致的角膜破坏性干燥。它是一种眼部疾病，通常累及双眼。它影响婴儿、儿童和育龄妇女。在发展中国家，饮食中维生素A缺乏及相关的角膜软化症是儿童失明的主要原因。
报告一名因营养不良饮食导致严重维生素A缺乏而出现双侧角膜软化症患者的临床发现。
病例报告。
一名严重营养不良的两岁女性，出现双眼流泪和强直性眼睑痉挛3周。她表现出睫毛粗长、严重体重减轻、毛发异常，双眼角膜完全溶解，右眼虹膜组织发炎。她接受了高剂量维生素A治疗，但右眼需要眼球摘除术，左眼进行了睑裂缝合术。
维生素A缺乏继发的干眼症相关的视觉损害可能是毁灭性的。饮食引起的维生素A缺乏在发展中国家和饱受战争蹂躏的国家很普遍。详细的病史采集和系统回顾对于评估角膜溶解的营养不良患者很有价值。
