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碳难题:美国现行碳市场基准线是否代表了一个不理想的生态阈值?

Carbon conundrums: Do United States' current carbon market baselines represent an undesirable ecological threshold?

机构信息

University of Vermont, Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, Burlington, Vermont, USA.

USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory & Analysis, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.

出版信息

Glob Chang Biol. 2022 Jul;28(13):3991-3994. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16215. Epub 2022 May 10.

DOI:10.1111/gcb.16215
PMID:35535696
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9322682/
Abstract

Relative frequency distribution of observed annual mortality expressed in aboveground (AG) carbon (C) (Mg CO e ha year ) summarized across supersections by forest type [Hardwood (HW) vs. Softwood (SW)] and site class (Low vs. High) based on approximately 130,000 remeasured USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis plots across the US. Top panel summarizes conditions in plots that do and do not meet the California Air Resources Board standards based on total basal area, whereas bottom panel summarizes conditions in plots falling inside and outside of optimum relative density levels. The latter represents a biophysically-informed approach accounting for changes in tree (and carbon) packing over forest development.

摘要

根据美国约 13 万次重新测量的美国农业部林务局森林清查和分析图,按林分类型[硬木(HW)与软木(SW)]和林地段类型(低与高),总结地上(AG)碳(C)(Mg CO e ha year )观测年死亡率的相对频率分布。上面的面板根据总基底面积总结了符合和不符合加利福尼亚空气资源委员会标准的图的情况,而下面的面板总结了处于最佳相对密度水平内外的图的情况。后者代表了一种生物物理上的方法,考虑了树木(和碳)在森林发展过程中的包装变化。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70ad/9322682/9735bf7e601e/GCB-28-3991-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70ad/9322682/9735bf7e601e/GCB-28-3991-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/70ad/9322682/9735bf7e601e/GCB-28-3991-g002.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Effective forest-based climate change mitigation requires our best science.有效的基于森林的气候变化缓解措施需要我们最好的科学。
Glob Chang Biol. 2022 Feb;28(4):1200-1203. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16008. Epub 2021 Dec 15.
2
Systematic over-crediting in California's forest carbon offsets program.加州森林碳补偿计划中的系统性超额信用。
Glob Chang Biol. 2022 Feb;28(4):1433-1445. doi: 10.1111/gcb.15943. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
3
Relative density of United States forests has shifted to higher levels over last two decades with important implications for future dynamics.
过去二十年,美国森林的相对密度已经上升到更高水平,这对未来的动态变化具有重要意义。
Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 22;11(1):18848. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-98244-w.
4
Tree planting has the potential to increase carbon sequestration capacity of forests in the United States.植树有可能提高美国森林的碳固存能力。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Oct 6;117(40):24649-24651. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2010840117. Epub 2020 Sep 21.
5
Opinion: Managing for disturbance stabilizes forest carbon.观点:应对干扰进行管理可稳定森林碳储量。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 May 21;116(21):10193-10195. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1905146116.
6
Natural climate solutions for the United States.美国的自然气候解决方案。
Sci Adv. 2018 Nov 14;4(11):eaat1869. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aat1869. eCollection 2018 Nov.
7
Global allocation rules for patterns of biomass partitioning in seed plants.种子植物生物量分配模式的全球分配规则。
Science. 2002 Feb 22;295(5559):1517-20. doi: 10.1126/science.1066360.