Social and Legal Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.
Social and Legal Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2022 Aug;46:101349. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101349. Epub 2022 Apr 13.
Although sometimes used interchangeably, the present review highlights the important differences between generalized worldviews suspecting conspiracy at play (conspiracy mentality) and specific beliefs about the existence of a certain conspiracy (conspiracy theory). In contrast to measures of beliefs in specific conspiracy theories, those of conspiracy mentality are more stable, less malleable, less skewed in their distribution and less contaminated by other ideological content. These differences have important implications for empirical research and the theorizing of conspiracy beliefs. Building on an analogy of personality traits, we argue that conspiracy mentality is a relatively stable readiness to interpret world events as being caused by plots hatched in secret, whereas specific conspiracy beliefs are then manifest indicators (partially contaminated by other dispositions).
虽然有时可以互换使用，但本综述强调了怀疑阴谋在起作用的普遍世界观（阴谋心态）和关于特定阴谋存在的具体信念（阴谋论）之间的重要区别。与特定阴谋论信念的衡量标准相比，阴谋心态的衡量标准更稳定、更不易改变、分布更无偏差，且受其他意识形态内容的污染更少。这些差异对阴谋信仰的实证研究和理论化具有重要意义。基于人格特质的类比，我们认为，阴谋心态是一种相对稳定的准备状态，即倾向于将世界事件解释为是由秘密策划的阴谋造成的，而具体的阴谋信念则是这些阴谋的明显指标（部分受到其他倾向的污染）。
