National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
National Research Center on Membrane Technologies, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey; Environmental Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, 34469, Turkey.
Chemosphere. 2022 Sep;302:134775. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134775. Epub 2022 May 7.
Various emerging organic micropollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, have attracted the interest of the water industry during the last two decades due to their insufficient removal during conventional water and wastewater treatment methods and increasing demand for pharmaceuticals projected to climate change-related impacts and COVID-19, nanosorbents such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxides (GOs), and metallic organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently been extensively explored regarding their potential environmental applications. Due to their unique physicochemical features, the use of these nanoadsorbents for organic micropollutans in water and wastewater treatment processes has been a rapidly growing topic of research in recent literature. Adsorptive membranes, which include these nanosorbents, combine the benefits of adsorption with membrane separation, allowing for high flow rates and faster adsorption/desorption rates, and have received a lot of publicity in recent years. The most recent advances in the fabrication of adsorptive membranes (including homogeneous membranes, mixed matrix membranes, and composite membranes), as well as their basic principles and applications in water and wastewater treatment, are discussed in this review. This paper covers ten years, from 2011 to 2021, and examines over 100 published studies, highlighting that micropollutans can pose a serious threat to surface water environments and that adsorptive membranes are promising, particularly in the adsorption of trace substances with fast kinetics. Membrane fouling, on the other hand, should be given more attention in future studies due to the high costs and restricted reusability.
各种新兴的有机微量污染物，如药品，由于在传统的水和废水处理方法中去除不充分，以及预计由于气候变化相关影响和 COVID-19 而增加的药品需求，在过去二十年中引起了水行业的关注。碳纳米管 (CNT)、氧化石墨烯 (GO) 和金属有机骨架 (MOF) 等纳米吸附剂由于其独特的物理化学特性，最近在环境应用方面得到了广泛的研究。由于这些纳米吸附剂在水和废水处理过程中对有机微量污染物的应用，近年来已成为文献中研究的一个快速增长的课题。包含这些纳米吸附剂的吸附膜将吸附与膜分离的优点结合在一起，具有高通量、更快的吸附/解吸速率，近年来受到了广泛关注。本文综述了近十年来（2011 年至 2021 年）吸附膜（包括均相膜、混合基质膜和复合膜）的最新进展及其在水和废水处理中的基本原理和应用。本文共涵盖了 100 多篇已发表的研究论文，强调了微量污染物可能对地表水环境造成严重威胁，吸附膜具有广阔的应用前景，特别是在快速动力学吸附痕量物质方面。然而，由于成本高和限制可重复使用性，膜污染问题在未来的研究中应给予更多关注。
