Zhang Chentao, Sun Jiaxun, Lyu Sha, Lu Zhengyang, Li Tao, Yang Ye, Li Bin, Han He, Wu Bangyao, Sun Haoyang, Li Dandan, Huang Jintao, Sun Dazhi
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055 China.
Adv Compos Hybrid Mater. 2022;5(2):1221-1232. doi: 10.1007/s42114-022-00474-7. Epub 2022 May 6.
The worldwide pandemic, coronavirus COVID-19, has been posing a serious threat to the global economy and security in last 2 years. The monthly consumption and subsequent discarding of 129 billion masks (equivalent to 645,000 tons) pose a serious detrimental impact on environmental sustainability. In this study, we report a novel type of nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) with supreme filtration performance and controllable degradation rates, which are mainly composed of polylactic acid (PLA) and artificially cultured diatom frustules (DFs). In this way, the filtration efficiency of particular matter (PM) and the pressure drop were significantly improved in the prepared PLA/DFs NFMs as compared with the neat PLA NFM. In specific, with incorporation of 5% DFs into fibers, PM removal with a filtration efficiency of over 99% and a pressure drop of 109 Pa were achieved with a membrane thickness of only 0.1 mm. Moreover, the yield strength and crystallinity degree of the PLA/DFs5 NFMs were sharply increased from 1.88 Mpa and 26.37% to 2.72 Mpa and 30.02%. Besides those unique characters, the PLA/DFs5 presented excellent degradability, accompanied by the degradation of 38% in 0.01 M sodium hydroxide solution after 7 days and approximately 100% in natural condition after 42 days, respectively. Meanwhile, the environmentally friendly raw materials of the composite polylactic acid and artificially cultured diatom frustules could be extracted from corn-derived biomass and artificially cultivated diatoms, ensuring the conformance to carbon neutrality and promising applications in personal protection.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42114-022-00474-7.
全球大流行的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）在过去两年中对全球经济和安全构成了严重威胁。每月消耗并随后丢弃1290亿个口罩（相当于64.5万吨）对环境可持续性造成了严重的不利影响。在本研究中，我们报道了一种具有卓越过滤性能和可控降解速率的新型纳米纤维膜（NFM），其主要由聚乳酸（PLA）和人工培养的硅藻壳（DF）组成。通过这种方式，与纯PLA NFM相比，制备的PLA/DFs NFM中特定物质（PM）的过滤效率和压降得到了显著提高。具体而言，在纤维中加入5%的DFs后，仅0.1毫米厚的膜实现了超过99%的过滤效率和109帕的压降的PM去除。此外，PLA/DFs5 NFM的屈服强度和结晶度从1.88兆帕和26.37%急剧增加到2.72兆帕和30.02%。除了这些独特的特性外，PLA/DFs5表现出优异的降解性，在0.01 M氢氧化钠溶液中7天后降解38%，在自然条件下42天后降解约100%。同时，复合聚乳酸和人工培养的硅藻壳的环保原料可以从玉米衍生的生物质和人工培养的硅藻中提取，确保符合碳中和并在个人防护方面具有广阔的应用前景。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s42114-022-00474-7获取的补充材料。
