Liobikienė Genovaitė, Krikštolaitis Ričardas, Miceikienė Astrida
Department of Applied Economics, Finance and Accounting, Research Institute of Bioeconomy, Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy, Studentu Str. 11, Akademija, 52261 Kaunas Dist., Lithuania.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, 44404 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Environ Dev Sustain. 2022 May 6:1-17. doi: 10.1007/s10668-022-02383-7.
Sustainability is highlighted in renewed European Union (EU) bioeconomy strategy. Sustainable bioeconomy requires improvement in the productivity level of bioresources, which is included in almost all national bioeconomy strategies. However, the aspects of sustainable bioeconomy were analyzed rather scarcely. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to reveal how productivity (or conversely, intensity) level contributes to the changes in biomass extraction in all EU countries. Applying the decomposition of impact (I), population, (P), affluence, (A); and technology (IPAT) approach, the results showed that in separate EU countries and analyzed periods, the changes in biomass extraction were different. During the period of economic growth (2000-2007) and transition (2008-2012), biomass extraction decreased in more than half of all EU countries. The decline of value added in the agriculture sector and/or reduction in biomass intensity level were the main determinants of these changes. Meanwhile, during the bioeconomy strategy period (2013-2018), the reduction in biomass extractions was observed in only six EU countries. During this period, the productivity level of biomass increased and offset the economic and population growth only in Greece, Italy and Malta. Thus, due to advanced technologies in these countries, the economy grew but biomass extraction decreased. Meanwhile, in Estonia, Germany and Poland, despite the reduction in value added in the agriculture sector, the growth of the intensity level of biomass determined the increase in extraction of biomass. Therefore, this study showed that achievement of sustainable bioeconomy principles in the majority of EU countries remains a great challenge, and countries should make all efforts to enhance the productivity level of biomass.
可持续性在欧盟更新的生物经济战略中得到了突出强调。可持续生物经济要求提高生物资源的生产力水平，这几乎包含在所有国家的生物经济战略中。然而，对可持续生物经济各方面的分析却相当匮乏。因此，本文旨在揭示生产力（或相反，强度）水平如何影响所有欧盟国家生物量提取的变化。应用影响（I）、人口（P）、富裕程度（A）和技术（IPAT）分解方法，结果表明，在不同的欧盟国家和分析时期，生物量提取的变化各不相同。在经济增长时期（2000 - 2007年）和转型时期（2008 - 2012年），超过半数的欧盟国家生物量提取量下降。农业部门附加值的下降和/或生物量强度水平的降低是这些变化的主要决定因素。与此同时，在生物经济战略时期（2013 - 2018年），仅在六个欧盟国家观察到生物量提取量的减少。在此期间，仅在希腊、意大利和马耳他，生物量的生产力水平提高并抵消了经济和人口增长。因此，由于这些国家的先进技术，经济增长但生物量提取量减少。与此同时，在爱沙尼亚、德国和波兰，尽管农业部门附加值下降，但生物量强度水平的增长决定了生物量提取量的增加。因此，本研究表明，在大多数欧盟国家实现可持续生物经济原则仍然是一项巨大挑战，各国应全力以赴提高生物量的生产力水平。
