Polymer Composite Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2022 Oct;110(10):2353-2368. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.35082. Epub 2022 May 11.
In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to understand the effect of PEGlayted GO on properties of chitosan-based nanocomposite scaffold. GO was synthesized according to modified Hummer's method and covalently linked to polymeric chains of PEG to produce polyethylene glycolated GO (PGO). Successful preparation of GO and PGO was confirmed by FT-IR and Raman techniques, where the chemical bonding of PEG and GO nanosheets were concluded based on PGOs' lower zeta potential compared to GO. Nanocomposite scaffolds were prepared by adding equal amounts of GO and PGO into 2% (w/v) chitosan (Cs) solutions. The highly porous scaffolds were developed by lyophilization of solutions. Incorporation of GO and PGO into chitosan scaffold network resulted in uniform and spherical pores. Modified samples offered higher porosity and density, indicating adequate scaffold structure. Improvements in the physical properties of prepared chitosan scaffolds were concluded through higher water absorption and retention values. Compressive strength measurement showed 6.33 and 5.5 times improvement respectively for Cs-GO and Cs-PGO samples compared to Cs scaffold. The Cs-GO scaffolds showed minimum susceptibility toward enzymatic degradation and higher degrees of protein adsorption (26% and 23% improvement in value of adsorbed protein respectively for Cs-GO and Cs-PGO compared to Cs scaffold) and biomineral formation on scaffold surface. Also, Cs-PGO sample showed the highest degree of cell viability and lower hemolysis than both Cs and Cs-GO scaffolds. Investigations showed that cell infiltration into scaffold porous structure was more prominent in Cs-PGO scaffolds than in Cs and Cs-GO scaffolds.
在这项研究中，氧化石墨烯（GO）通过聚乙二醇（PEG）进行了功能化，以了解 PEG 化 GO 对壳聚糖基纳米复合支架性能的影响。GO 是根据改良的 Hummer 法合成的，并通过共价键与 PEG 的聚合物链相连，生成了聚乙二醇化 GO（PGO）。GO 和 PGO 的成功制备通过傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）和拉曼（Raman）技术得到了确认，其中根据 PGO 的较低zeta 电位可以得出 PEG 和 GO 纳米片之间的化学键合。通过将等量的 GO 和 PGO 添加到 2%（w/v）壳聚糖（Cs）溶液中制备了纳米复合支架。通过溶液的冻干制备了高度多孔的支架。GO 和 PGO 掺入壳聚糖支架网络中导致了均匀的球形孔。改性样品提供了更高的孔隙率和密度，表明支架结构充足。通过更高的吸水率和保持值得出了对制备的壳聚糖支架物理性能的改进。压缩强度测量结果表明，与 Cs 支架相比，Cs-GO 和 Cs-PGO 样品的压缩强度分别提高了 6.33 倍和 5.5 倍。Cs-GO 支架对酶降解的敏感性最低，并且对蛋白质吸附的程度更高（与 Cs 支架相比，Cs-GO 和 Cs-PGO 支架的吸附蛋白值分别提高了 26%和 23%），并且在支架表面上形成了更多的生物矿化。此外，与 Cs 和 Cs-GO 支架相比，Cs-PGO 样品的细胞活力最高，溶血率最低。研究表明，细胞渗透到支架多孔结构中在 Cs-PGO 支架中比在 Cs 和 Cs-GO 支架中更为明显。
