Freemon F R
South Med J. 1987 May;80(5):630-7. doi: 10.1097/00007611-198705000-00019.
During its brief existence, the Confederate States of America created many new institutions. This paper concerns one of these, the Medical Department of the Confederate States Army. From a very small nidus of experienced physicians, this organization expanded to supervise thousands of officers, to build many huge hospitals, and to expend millions of dollars. The Medical Department also experienced some administrative failures, the most obvious of which were the failure to vaccinate against smallpox and the inability to control the loss of manpower associated with medical furlough. Like all institutions, the Medical Department produced both successes and failures. The fact that the South lost the War Between the States tends to obscure the successes and emphasize the failures.
在其短暂的存续期间，美利坚合众国南部同盟创建了许多新机构。本文关注其中之一，即南部同盟陆军医疗队。该组织从经验丰富的医生这一非常小的核心群体发展壮大，去监督数千名军官，建造许多大型医院，并花费数百万美元。医疗队也经历了一些行政上的失败，其中最明显的是未能开展天花疫苗接种，以及无法控制与医疗休假相关的人力损失。与所有机构一样，医疗队既有成功也有失败。南方在内战中失败这一事实往往会掩盖其成功之处而强调其失败之处。
