Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medicine School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medicine School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
BMJ Open. 2022 May 11;12(5):e059041. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059041.
This study aims to characterise and evaluate the National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) grant allocation speed and pattern of COVID-19 research.
Cross-sectional study.
COVID-19 NIH RePORTER Dataset was used to identify COVID-19 relevant grants.
1108 grants allocated to COVID-19 research.
The primary outcome was to determine the number of grants and funding amount the NIH allocated for COVID-19 by research type and clinical/scientific area. The secondary outcome was to calculate the time from the funding opportunity announcement to the award notice date.
The NIH awarded a total of 56 169 grants in 2020, of which 2.0% (n=1108) wwas allocated for COVID-19 research. The NIH had a US$45.3 billion budget that year, of which 4.9% (US$2.2 billion) was allocated to COVID-19 research. The most common clinical/scientific areas were social determinants of health (n=278, 8.5% of COVID-19 funding), immunology (n=211, 25.8%) and pharmaceutical interventions research (n=208, 47.6%). There were 104 grants studying COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions, of which 2 grants studied the efficacy of face masks and 6 studied the efficacy of social distancing. Of the 83 COVID-19 funded grants on transmission, 5 were awarded to study airborne transmission of COVID-19 and 2 grants on transmission of COVID-19 in schools. The average time from the funding opportunity announcement to the award notice date was 151 days (SD: ±57.9).
In the first year of the pandemic, the NIH diverted a small fraction of its budget to COVID-19 research. Future health emergencies will require research funding to pivot in a timely fashion and funding levels to be proportional to the anticipated burden of disease in the population.
本研究旨在描述和评估美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）在 COVID-19 研究方面的拨款速度和模式。
横断面研究。
使用 COVID-19 NIH RePORTER 数据集来确定与 COVID-19 相关的拨款。
分配给 COVID-19 研究的 1108 项拨款。
主要结果是确定 NIH 按研究类型和临床/科学领域为 COVID-19 分配的拨款数量和资金额。次要结果是计算从拨款机会公告到授予通知日期的时间。
NIH 在 2020 年共授予了 56169 项拨款，其中 2.0%（n=1108）用于 COVID-19 研究。NIH 当年的预算为 453 亿美元，其中 4.9%（42 亿美元）用于 COVID-19 研究。最常见的临床/科学领域是健康的社会决定因素（n=278，占 COVID-19 资金的 8.5%）、免疫学（n=211，25.8%）和药物干预研究（n=208，47.6%）。有 104 项研究 COVID-19 非药物干预措施的拨款，其中 2 项研究口罩的功效，6 项研究社会隔离的功效。在 83 项关于传播的 COVID-19 资助拨款中，有 5 项授予研究 COVID-19 的空气传播，2 项授予研究 COVID-19 在学校的传播。从拨款机会公告到授予通知日期的平均时间为 151 天（SD：±57.9）。
在大流行的第一年，NIH 将其预算的一小部分用于 COVID-19 研究。未来的卫生紧急情况将需要研究资金及时转向，并且资金水平与预期人群疾病负担成正比。
