Laboratorio de Ecología Química, Facultad de Química, Univ de La RepúblicaUdelar, Avda. Gral. Flores 2124, CP 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Centro Universitario de Paysandú, Universidad de La República, Paysandú, Uruguay.
Neotrop Entomol. 2022 Jun;51(3):386-396. doi: 10.1007/s13744-022-00955-w. Epub 2022 May 11.
The subfamily Cerambycinae, one of the most diverse in longhorn beetles, is well known for its remarkable chemical parsimony in male-emitted pheromones. Conserved shared structural motifs have been reported in numerous species, sometimes working in combination with plant volatile kairomones. Among other compounds, the most ubiquitous male pheromone in cerambycine species is 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one. We conducted field trials using intercept traps baited with 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one and observed abundant captures of several Neotropical cerambycine species. These were Retrachydes thoracicus thoracicus (Olivier), Megacyllene acuta (Germar), Compsocerus violaceus (White), and Cotyclytus curvatus (Germar) in high numbers, as well as Chydarteres striatus striatus (Fabricius) and Odontocroton flavicauda (Bates) in smaller numbers. When ethanol was added to the traps, a remarkable increase in the attractiveness of 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one was observed for R. thoracicus thoracicus and M. acuta. Adding ethanol also resulted in the capture of Chrysoprasis aurigena (Germar). Finally, incidental catches in pheromone-baited traps of Trachelissa maculicollis (Audinet-Serville), Neoclytus pusillus (Laporte & Gory), Achryson unicolor (Bruch, 1908) and Achryson surinamum (Linnaeus), Megacyllene mellyi (Chevrolat) and Thelgetra adustus (Burmeister) were also observed. Pheromone chemistry has been reported for C. curvatus, M. acuta and N. pusillus, all three producing 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one, and for C. aurigena and A. surinamum, which produce other compounds. Our findings suggest that the captured species probably produce 3-hydroxyhexan-2-one for their pheromone communication system. Alternatively, they might be "eavesdropping" on the pheromones of other cerambycine species. The probable synergistic effect of ethanol is likely explained from its kairomonal role as a volatile cue for plant stress or ripeness.
锯天牛亚科是天牛科中最多样化的亚科之一，以其在雄性释放信息素方面显著的化学简约性而闻名。在许多物种中，已经报道了保守的共享结构基序，这些基序有时与植物挥发性引诱剂一起发挥作用。在其他化合物中，锯天牛科物种中最普遍的雄性信息素是 3-羟基己烷-2-酮。我们使用 3-羟基己烷-2-酮诱饵的截击陷阱进行了野外试验，并观察到几种新热带锯天牛物种的大量捕获。这些物种包括前胸锯天牛 thoracicus thoracicus（Olivier）、窄胸锯天牛 Megacyllene acuta（Germar）、紫缘锯天牛 Compsocerus violaceus（White）和弯齿锯天牛 Cotyclytus curvatus（Germar），数量较多，还有狭胸锯天牛 Chydarteres striatus striatus（Fabricius）和黄足锯天牛 Odontocroton flavicauda（Bates），数量较少。当乙醇添加到陷阱中时，前胸锯天牛 thoracicus thoracicus 和窄胸锯天牛 Megacyllene acuta 对 3-羟基己烷-2-酮的吸引力显著增加。添加乙醇还导致 Chrysoprasis aurigena（Germar）的捕获。最后，在信息素诱饵陷阱中意外捕获了 Trachelissa maculicollis（Audinet-Serville）、Neoclytus pusillus（Laporte & Gory）、Achryson unicolor（Bruch, 1908）和 Achryson surinamum（Linnaeus）、Megacyllene mellyi（Chevrolat）和 Thelgetra adustus（Burmeister）。已经报道了 C. curvatus、M. acuta 和 N. pusillus 的信息素化学性质，这三种物质都产生 3-羟基己烷-2-酮，以及 C. aurigena 和 A. surinamum，它们产生其他化合物。我们的发现表明，被捕食的物种可能会产生 3-羟基己烷-2-酮来进行它们的信息素通讯系统。或者，它们可能在“偷听”其他锯天牛物种的信息素。乙醇的可能协同作用可能是由于其作为挥发性植物应激或成熟线索的信息素作用来解释的。
