Shaltynov Askhat, Rocha Jorge, Jamedinova Ulzhan, Myssayev Ayan
Public Health Department, Semey Medical University, Semey City.
Institute of Geography and Spatial Planning, University of Lisboa.
Geospat Health. 2022 May 13;17(1). doi: 10.4081/gh.2022.1046.
Out of the many aspects of health care, the concept of physical accessibility is a priority that not only encompasses availability of health care resources, but also requires that they are easily accessible for all. To assess this factor as expressed in terms of the number of available physicians in the north-eastern part of Kazakhstan, we used the enhanced two-step float catchment area in a geographic information system approach. The Gini index and the Lorentz curve were used to evaluate the economic inequality within this region. Based on the data obtained, we developed models to increase the availability of health care considering allocation of additional primary health care resources. A low to zero index was found to be typical for most rural settlements, which currently make up less than 15% of the total population. We also identified a correlation between the index of accessibility and that of inequality, which indicates that areas with high accessibility show a more equitable distribution of resources. The developed location/ allocation models of additional primary health care resources can be useful in implementing government initiatives to improve the availability of primary health care in rural areas.
在医疗保健的诸多方面中，物理可达性概念是一个优先事项，它不仅涵盖医疗保健资源的可获得性，还要求所有人都能轻松获取这些资源。为了根据哈萨克斯坦东北部现有医生数量来评估这一因素，我们在地理信息系统方法中使用了增强型两步浮动集水区。基尼指数和洛伦兹曲线用于评估该地区内的经济不平等情况。基于所获得的数据，我们开发了模型，在考虑分配额外初级卫生保健资源的情况下增加医疗保健的可及性。发现大多数农村定居点的指数较低至为零，目前农村人口占总人口不到15%。我们还确定了可达性指数与不平等指数之间的相关性，这表明可达性高的地区资源分配更为公平。所开发的额外初级卫生保健资源的位置/分配模型可有助于实施政府举措，以改善农村地区初级卫生保健的可及性。
