Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Ooty, 643001, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2023;22(6):801-816. doi: 10.2174/1871527321666220511205231.
Parkinson's Disease (PD), known as Parkinsonism, is a neurodegenerative disease that mainly affects the elderly and is characterized by an extensive and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Owing to genetic, environmental, and lifestyle changes, the incidence of PD has recently risen among adults. The most widely used PD treatment strategies include the use of dopamine agonists, anticholinergics, and enzyme inhibitors. The aquatic flora and fauna have become the emerging source of novel, structurally diverse bioactive compounds and, at present, the researchers concentrate their efforts on isolating, characterizing, and identifying many secondary metabolites of different nature to treat various disorders, including, neuroprotective marine natural products (MNPs). The bioactive peptides, tannins, carotenoids, alkaloids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and sulfated polysaccharides from the MNP's and their synthetic derivatives have demonstrated important neuroprotective activity in preclinical studies through multiple mechanisms. An extensive literature survey was carried out, and published articles from PubMed, Scifinder, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were carefully reviewed to compile information on the MNPs to treat PD. This current review focus on neuroprotective MNPs and their probable biological pathways to treat PD based on their structure and bioactivities reported from 1990 to 2020.
帕金森病（PD），又称帕金森症，是一种神经退行性疾病，主要影响老年人，其特征是黑质致密部（SNpc）中的多巴胺能神经元广泛且进行性丧失。由于遗传、环境和生活方式的改变，成年人患 PD 的发病率最近有所上升。目前最广泛使用的 PD 治疗策略包括使用多巴胺激动剂、抗胆碱能药物和酶抑制剂。水生动植物已成为新型、结构多样的生物活性化合物的新兴来源，目前研究人员集中精力分离、表征和鉴定许多不同性质的次级代谢产物，以治疗各种疾病，包括神经保护海洋天然产物（MNPs）。在临床前研究中，MNPs 及其合成衍生物中的生物活性肽、单宁、类胡萝卜素、生物碱、多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和硫酸多糖通过多种机制显示出重要的神经保护活性。进行了广泛的文献调查，并仔细审查了来自 PubMed、Scifinder、Google Scholar、Web of Science 和 Scopus 的已发表文章，以编译有关 MNPs 治疗 PD 的信息。本综述重点介绍了神经保护 MNPs 及其可能的生物学途径，根据它们的结构和生物活性，从 1990 年到 2020 年报道治疗 PD。
