Dapagliflozin mitigates ovalbumin-prompted airway inflammatory-oxidative successions and associated bronchospasm in a rat model of allergic asthma.

BACKGROUND

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that universally affects millions of people. Despite numerous well-defined medications, asthma is poorly managed. This study aims to clarify the potential therapeutic effect of Dapagliflozin (DAPA) against lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and associated bronchospasm in OVA-sensitized rat asthma model.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Twenty-five rats were allocated into (Control, Asthma, DEXA, DAPA, and DAPA+DEXA). All treatments were administered orally once a day for two weeks. The BALF levels of IL-17, TNFα, IL-1β, and MCP-1 were determined to assess airway inflammation. For oxidative stress determination, BALF MDA levels and TAC were measured. The BALF S100A4 level and NO/sGC/cGMP pathway were detected. Lung histopathological findings and immunohistochemical investigation of eNOS and iNOS activities were recorded.

RESULTS

DAPA significantly reduced () airway inflammatory-oxidative markers (IL-17, TNFα, IL-1β, MCP1, and MDA), but increased () TAC, and mitigated bronchospasm by activating NO/sGC/cGMP and reducing S100A4 (). The biochemical and western blot studies were supported by histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations.

CONCLUSIONS

DAPA presents a new prospective possibility for future asthma therapy due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and bronchodilator properties. DAPA has the property of reducing Dexamethasone (DEXA)-associated unfavorable effects during asthma treatment.