Department of Counseling, Higher Education, and Special Education, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
Psychother Res. 2022 Nov;32(8):1064-1075. doi: 10.1080/10503307.2022.2071131. Epub 2022 May 12.
Research showing that caregivers', adolescents' and therapists' perceptions of the therapeutic alliance become more similar over time has not examined conceptual models, like emotional contagion and interdependence, that are theorized to account for this convergence. We modeled codevelopment in systemic family therapy to examine mutual influence and shared environment processes among the alliance perceptions of youth, caregivers, and therapists. The self-report version of the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances (SOFTA-s) was administered after sessions 3, 6 and 9-156 Spanish maltreating families and 20 therapists. Using a triadic version of the repeated measures actor-partner interdependence analysis, a random intercepts cross-lagged panel model, we found significant effects of the shared environment and mutual influence in caregivers' and therapists' alliance scores over time, reflecting emotional contagion. Additionally, (i) therapists' alliance scores at session 6 significantly predicted youth alliance scores at session 9, and (ii) therapist alliance at session 6 significantly mediated the relationship between caregiver alliance at session 3 and youth alliance at session 9, suggesting that therapists bridge the caregiver's and youth's perceptions of the alliance. In successful (compared to unsuccessful) cases, therapists' alliance perceptions at session 6 positively influenced caregivers' alliance perceptions at session 9. Therapist's perceptions of the alliance can bridge differences in alliance perceptions of caregivers and adolescents resulting in greater similarity in alliance perceptions over time.
研究表明，随着时间的推移，照顾者、青少年和治疗师对治疗联盟的看法变得更加相似，但尚未检验情感传染和相互依存等概念模型，这些模型被认为可以解释这种趋同现象。我们对系统家庭治疗中的代码发展进行了建模，以研究青少年、照顾者和治疗师之间的联盟看法的相互影响和共同环境过程。在西班牙受虐家庭和 20 名治疗师的第 3、6 和 9-156 次治疗后，使用系统观察家庭治疗联盟（SOFTA-s）的自我报告版本进行了评估。使用三方重复测量演员-伙伴相互依赖分析的重复测量演员-伙伴相互依赖分析，随机截距交叉滞后面板模型，我们发现随着时间的推移，照顾者和治疗师的联盟得分中存在共享环境和相互影响的显著影响，反映了情感传染。此外，(i)治疗师在第 6 次治疗中的联盟得分显著预测了第 9 次治疗中的青少年联盟得分，以及 (ii)治疗师在第 6 次治疗中的联盟得分显著中介了第 3 次治疗中的照顾者联盟得分与第 9 次治疗中的青少年联盟得分之间的关系，这表明治疗师可以弥合照顾者和青少年对联盟的看法之间的差距。在成功（与不成功）的案例中，治疗师在第 6 次治疗中的联盟感知积极影响了照顾者在第 9 次治疗中的联盟感知。治疗师对联盟的看法可以弥合照顾者和青少年对联盟看法的差异，从而随着时间的推移使联盟看法更加相似。
