College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2024;54(2):247-268. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2072678. Epub 2022 May 12.
With the improvement of people's safety awareness, the requirement of pesticide detection is gradually increasing, and many new detection methods toward Organophosphorus pesticide (OPs) has been further developed and applied. Nanomaterials-based biosensors have played an important role in the trace detection of OPs. This article mainly introduces the detection principle of enzymes and aptamers as the identification element of biosensors. Various nanomaterials (i.e., metals and metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene oxide, quantum dots, metal organic frameworks, molecular imprinted polymers, etc.) possess their unique properties and play different roles in the enzyme and aptamer-based biosensors toward OPs: (a) to produce the optical or electrochemical signal; (b) as a carrier to load the enzyme or aptamer; (c) to enhance the signal response. Besides, the intelligent portable devices provide the possibility to realize the onsite and real-time detection. The limitations of some nanomaterials and the future development are discussed. Finally, the future of enzyme and aptamer-based biosensors has prospected.
随着人们安全意识的提高，对农药检测的要求逐渐增加，许多新的检测方法对有机磷农药（OPs）进行了进一步的开发和应用。基于纳米材料的生物传感器在 OPs 的痕量检测中发挥了重要作用。本文主要介绍了作为生物传感器识别元件的酶和适体的检测原理。各种纳米材料（即金属和金属氧化物、碳纳米管、石墨烯和氧化石墨烯、量子点、金属有机骨架、分子印迹聚合物等）具有独特的性质，在基于酶和适体的生物传感器对 OPs 的检测中发挥着不同的作用：（a）产生光学或电化学信号；（b）作为载体负载酶或适体；（c）增强信号响应。此外，智能便携设备为实现现场实时检测提供了可能。讨论了一些纳米材料的局限性和未来的发展方向。最后，对基于酶和适体的生物传感器的未来进行了展望。
