Sindberg Eriksen P, Marsál K
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1987 Apr;94(4):301-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb03095.x.
The acute cardiovascular responses of the human fetus to maternal smoking of one cigarette were studied in 10 healthy pregnant women. Following maternal smoking, a significant increase was found in the nicotine concentration in maternal plasma accompanied by a significant increase in the fetal heart rate. The flow velocity was recorded in the fetal descending aorta by combining real-time ultrasonography and the 2 MHz pulsed Doppler technique and the waveform of the maximum blood velocity was analysed. The duration of the acceleration part of the pulse cycle (start-to-peak time) remained unchanged during the study period. The least diastolic blood velocity increased significantly after smoking. The pulsatility index fell significantly during the first 5 min after smoking, probably as the consequence of fetal tachycardia, but was normal again at 10 min. The rising slope rose significantly within the first 10 to 20 min after the onset of smoking. The results indicate, that, following maternal smoking of one cigarette, fetal central circulation increases but peripheral resistance is unchanged.
对10名健康孕妇进行了研究，以观察人类胎儿对母亲吸一支香烟的急性心血管反应。母亲吸烟后，母亲血浆中的尼古丁浓度显著升高，同时胎儿心率也显著增加。通过结合实时超声检查和2兆赫脉冲多普勒技术记录胎儿降主动脉中的血流速度，并分析最大血流速度的波形。在研究期间，脉冲周期加速部分的持续时间（起始至峰值时间）保持不变。吸烟后舒张期最低血流速度显著增加。吸烟后最初5分钟内搏动指数显著下降，这可能是胎儿心动过速的结果，但在10分钟时又恢复正常。吸烟开始后的最初10至20分钟内上升斜率显著上升。结果表明，母亲吸一支香烟后，胎儿的中心循环增加，但外周阻力不变。
