Calcium and vitamin D modulate mouse colon epithelial proliferation and growth characteristics of a human colon tumor cell line.

The role of calcium and vitamin D in the prevention of colorectal cancer is only now being investigated at the organismal, cellular, and molecular biologic levels. Recent epidemiologic studies have supported the hypothesis that dietary calcium and vitamin D may be related to a reduced risk for colon cancer. The evidence from laboratory investigations in animals and in cell culture also indicate a possible preventative effect. Addition of calcium and vitamin D to the roster of developmental cancer chemopreventative agents for further research is warranted.