School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2022 Jul 30;36(14):e9324. doi: 10.1002/rcm.9324.
Polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are dioxin-like compounds that are ubiquitous in the environment. However, their unintentional emissions from industrial sources have received little attention and there is no method available for determination of PHCZs in industrial waste. This research develops a method for determination of PHCZs in industrial waste.
In this research, a glass column packed with activated silica serves as a rapid and efficient clean-up pretreatment for purification. An isotope dilution gas chromatography/triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method was established for simultaneous determination of eleven PHCZs in industrial samples.
The regression coefficients of the standard curves for the congeners were all >0.99. The method detection limit ranged from 1.46 to 3.82 ng/mL for liquid samples and from 0.009 to 0.021 ng/g for solid samples. The precision described by the relative standard deviation ranged from 2.4% to 18.4% for liquid samples and from 5.5% to 35.8% for solid samples. The recovery ranges for the liquid and solid samples were 82%-123% and 83%-137%, respectively. 3-Chlorocarbazole (3-CCZ) and 36-dichlorocarbazole (36-CCZ) can be detected in both chemical bottom liquid from vinyl chloride production and fly ash from medical waste incineration by this method.
An efficient method is established for determination of PHCZs from industrial waste. The discovery of 3-CCZ and 36-CCZ highlights the importance of identification of potential industrial sources of PHCZs and clarification of their contribution to environmental risks. Our method could be applied to investigate industrial emission of PHCZs.
多卤代咔唑（PHCZs）是二恶英类似物，在环境中普遍存在。然而，它们在工业来源中的意外排放受到的关注较少，并且目前尚无用于测定工业废物中 PHCZs 的方法。本研究开发了一种用于测定工业废物中 PHCZs 的方法。
在本研究中，装有活性硅胶的玻璃柱用作快速高效的净化预处理。建立了一种同位素稀释气相色谱/三重四极串联质谱法，用于同时测定工业样品中的十一种 PHCZs。
同系物标准曲线的回归系数均>0.99。液体样品的方法检测限范围为 1.46 至 3.82ng/mL，固体样品的方法检测限范围为 0.009 至 0.021ng/g。相对标准偏差表示的精密度范围为液体样品的 2.4%至 18.4%，固体样品的 5.5%至 35.8%。液体和固体样品的回收率范围分别为 82%-123%和 83%-137%。通过该方法可以在氯乙烯生产的化学底液和医疗废物焚烧的飞灰中检测到 3-氯咔唑（3-CCZ）和 36-二氯咔唑（36-CCZ）。
建立了一种用于测定工业废物中 PHCZs 的高效方法。3-CCZ 和 36-CCZ 的发现强调了识别 PHCZs 潜在工业来源并阐明其对环境风险贡献的重要性。我们的方法可用于调查 PHCZs 的工业排放。
