Department of Radiology, Apollo Hospitals, Sheshadripuram, Bangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2022 May;65(Supplement):S153-S163. doi: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1162_21.
Neuroinfections are seen in both adults and children. These can result in serious morbidity and if left untreated and/or associated with comorbidities can be life threatening. Cross-sectional imaging like computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are advised by the clinicians for the diagnosing, confirmation of the diagnosis, assess any complications of the infection, and also for follow up. Though CT is the initial imaging investigation commonly asked by the clinician, due to its lesser soft tissue resolution, early brain changes may not be seen on CT. MRI has better soft tissue resolution with no ionizing radiation to the patient and helps in detecting the early signs of infection. Appropriate MRI, not only helps the radiologist to reduce the number of possibilities of the causative organism but also differentiates tumors from infection. However, CT is useful to assess the bony changes and also easily available and affordable cross-sectional imaging modality worldwide. The review summarizes the approach of the radiologist to central nervous system (CNS) infections and their typical imaging characteristic features.
神经感染可见于成人和儿童。这些感染可导致严重的发病率，如果不治疗和/或伴有合并症，可能会危及生命。临床医生建议进行横断面成像，如计算机断层扫描 (CT) 和磁共振成像 (MRI)，以进行诊断、确诊、评估感染的任何并发症，并进行随访。虽然 CT 是临床医生通常要求的初始影像学检查，但由于其软组织分辨率较低，早期脑变化可能无法在 CT 上看到。MRI 具有更好的软组织分辨率，对患者没有电离辐射，有助于检测感染的早期迹象。适当的 MRI 不仅有助于放射科医生减少病原体的可能性，还可以区分肿瘤和感染。然而，CT 有助于评估骨骼变化，并且在全球范围内是一种易于获得且价格合理的横断面成像方式。本综述总结了放射科医生对中枢神经系统 (CNS) 感染的处理方法及其典型的影像学特征。
