Department of Pharmacy, Cardenal Herrera-CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Biomedical Science, Cardenal Herrera-CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 23;23(9):4693. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094693.
The use of mesenchymal stem cells constitutes a promising therapeutic approach, as it has shown beneficial effects in different pathologies. Numerous in vitro, pre-clinical, and, to a lesser extent, clinical trials have been published for osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis that affects diarthritic joints in which the most common and studied effect is cartilage degradation. Nowadays, it is known that osteoarthritis is a disease with a very powerful inflammatory component that affects the subchondral bone and the rest of the tissues that make up the joint. This inflammatory component may induce the differentiation of osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells. Subchondral bone degradation has been suggested as a key process in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. However, very few published studies directly focus on the activity of mesenchymal stem cells on osteoclasts, contrary to what happens with other cell types of the joint, such as chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and osteoblasts. In this review, we try to gather the published bibliography in relation to the effects of mesenchymal stem cells on osteoclastogenesis. Although we find promising results, we point out the need for further studies that can support mesenchymal stem cells as a therapeutic tool for osteoclasts and their consequences on the osteoarthritic joint.
间充质干细胞的应用构成了一种有前途的治疗方法，因为它在不同的病理中显示出了有益的效果。已经发表了许多针对骨关节炎的体外、临床前研究，以及在较小程度上的临床试验。骨关节炎是一种影响滑膜关节的关节炎，最常见和研究最多的是软骨降解。如今，人们知道骨关节炎是一种具有非常强大炎症成分的疾病，它会影响软骨下骨和构成关节的其他组织。这种炎症成分可能会诱导破骨细胞的分化，即骨吸收细胞。软骨下骨降解被认为是骨关节炎发病机制中的一个关键过程。然而，与关节的其他细胞类型（如软骨细胞、滑膜细胞和成骨细胞）相比，很少有发表的研究直接关注间充质干细胞对破骨细胞的活性。在这篇综述中，我们试图收集与间充质干细胞对破骨细胞生成的影响相关的已发表文献。尽管我们发现了有前途的结果，但我们指出需要进一步的研究，以支持间充质干细胞作为破骨细胞的治疗工具及其对骨关节炎关节的影响。
