East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Cell Reprogram. 2020 Jun;22(3):107-117. doi: 10.1089/cell.2019.0098. Epub 2020 May 4.
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a diameter of 50-150 nm that play important roles in cell-to-cell communication through transportation of proteins, microRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs. Some components, such as miRNAs, have been proven to be involved in inflammation regulation. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive disease resulting in articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone deficiency. Complicated relationships between the breakdown of extracellular matrix and inflammation make it difficult to recover thoroughly. Current studies reported that exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can change disease evolution and protect the cartilage matrix in OA. In addition, exosomes obtained from human adipose derived stem cells downregulate inflammation and oxidative stress, which might mediate antisenescence in OA. The goal of this review is to describe and summarize the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes in OA, focusing on their potential mechanism and possible therapeutic strategies.
外泌体是直径为 50-150nm 的小型细胞外囊泡，通过运输蛋白质、microRNAs、lncRNAs 和 mRNAs 在细胞间通讯中发挥重要作用。一些成分，如 miRNAs，已被证明参与炎症调节。骨关节炎 (OA) 是一种进行性疾病，导致关节软骨退化和软骨下骨缺损。细胞外基质的破坏与炎症之间复杂的关系使得其难以彻底恢复。目前的研究表明，间充质干细胞 (MSCs) 分泌的外泌体可以改变疾病的进展并保护 OA 中的软骨基质。此外，从人脂肪来源干细胞中获得的外泌体可下调炎症和氧化应激，这可能介导 OA 中的抗衰老。本综述的目的是描述和总结间充质干细胞 (MSC) 衍生的外泌体在 OA 中的作用，重点关注其潜在的机制和可能的治疗策略。
