Departments of Emergency Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 4V7, Canada.
Faculty of Arts and Science, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N9, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 20;19(9):4974. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19094974.
In 2010, Haiti experienced one of the deadliest cholera outbreaks of the 21st century. United Nations (UN) peacekeepers are widely believed to have introduced cholera, and the UN has formally apologized to Haitians and accepted responsibility. The current analysis examines how Haitian community members experienced the epidemic and documents their attitudes around accountability. Using SenseMaker, Haitian research assistants collected micronarratives surrounding 10 UN bases in Haiti. Seventy-seven cholera-focused micronarratives were selected for a qualitative thematic analysis. The five following major themes were identified: (1) Cholera cases and deaths; (2) Accessing care and services; (3) Protests and riots against the UN; (4) Compensation; and (5) Anti-colonialism. Findings highlight fear, frustration, anger, and the devastating impact that cholera had on families and communities, which was sometimes compounded by an inability to access life-saving medical care. Most participants believed that the UN should compensate cholera victims through direct financial assistance but there was significant misinformation about the UN's response. In conclusion, Haiti's cholera victims and their families deserve transparent communication and appropriate remedies from the UN. To rebuild trust in the UN and foreign aid, adequate remedies must be provided in consultation with victims.
2010 年,海地爆发了 21 世纪最致命的霍乱疫情之一。人们普遍认为,联合国(UN)维和人员引发了霍乱疫情,而联合国也正式向海地人道歉并承担了责任。目前的分析考察了海地社区成员如何经历这一疫情,并记录了他们对问责制的态度。利用 SenseMaker,海地研究助理在海地的 10 个联合国基地收集了与霍乱相关的微观故事。选择了 77 个霍乱为重点的微观故事进行定性主题分析。确定了以下五个主要主题:(1)霍乱病例和死亡;(2)获得护理和服务;(3)针对联合国的抗议和骚乱;(4)赔偿;(5)反殖民主义。研究结果突显了恐惧、沮丧、愤怒以及霍乱对家庭和社区造成的毁灭性影响,有时还因无法获得救生医疗服务而加剧。大多数参与者认为,联合国应通过直接财政援助向霍乱受害者提供赔偿,但对联合国的反应存在大量误解。总之,海地的霍乱受害者及其家属应该从联合国得到透明的沟通和适当的补救。为了重建对联合国和外国援助的信任,必须在与受害者协商的基础上提供充分的补救措施。