Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250012, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 26;14(9):1807. doi: 10.3390/nu14091807.
This study investigated the nutrition and complementary feeding (CF) of infants and young children (IYC) aged 6-23 months in rural areas of China in 2018 and explored the relationship between CF and nutritional status. We measured the length and weight, calculated the z-scores, and detected micronutrients in the hair. The status of CF was obtained from the respondents by a 24-h dietary recall. IYC were classified into clusters using a two-step cluster analysis. The CF and nutritional status of each cluster were analyzed and compared. The prevalence of stunting, wasting, and overweight in the IYC in rural Chinese areas was 7.1%, 3.0%, and 3.7%, respectively. The median levels of Ca, Fe, and Zn in hair were 550.10 µg/g, 62.94 µg/g, and 132.86 µg/g, respectively. The prevalence of meeting the requirements of minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) was 68.9%, 77.9%, and 46.4%, respectively. IYC with a higher prevalence of MDD, MMF, and MAD were more inclined to maintain a healthy status. The prevalence of undernutrition and overweight of 6- to 23-month-old IYC in rural areas of China was low. However, lack of trace elements was evident, and MAD prevalence remained low.
本研究调查了 2018 年中国农村地区 6-23 月龄婴幼儿的营养和补充喂养（CF）情况，并探讨了 CF 与营养状况之间的关系。我们测量了婴幼儿的身长和体重，计算了 Z 分数，并检测了头发中的微量营养素。通过 24 小时膳食回忆法从受访者处获得 CF 状况。采用两步聚类分析法对婴幼儿进行聚类。分析和比较了每个聚类的 CF 和营养状况。中国农村地区婴幼儿的生长迟缓、消瘦和超重患病率分别为 7.1%、3.0%和 3.7%。头发中钙、铁和锌的中位数水平分别为 550.10µg/g、62.94µg/g 和 132.86µg/g。最低膳食多样性（MDD）、最低用餐频率（MMF）和最低可接受饮食（MAD）要求的满足率分别为 68.9%、77.9%和 46.4%。MDD、MMF 和 MAD 满足率较高的婴幼儿更倾向于保持健康状态。中国农村地区 6-23 月龄婴幼儿的营养不良和超重患病率较低，但微量元素缺乏明显，MAD 患病率仍然较低。
