2020年西班牙一项利用医院出院数据的回顾性队列研究：2型糖尿病对因COVID-19需住院治疗的发病率及结局的影响（按性别分析）
Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Incidence and Outcomes of COVID-19 Needing Hospital Admission According to Sex: Retrospective Cohort Study Using Hospital Discharge Data in Spain, Year 2020.
作者信息
de Miguel-Yanes Jose M, Jimenez-Garcia Rodrigo, de Miguel-Diez Javier, Hernández-Barrera Valentin, Carabantes-Alarcon David, Zamorano-Leon Jose J, Omaña-Palanco Ricardo, Lopez-de-Andres Ana
机构信息
Internal Medicine Department, Hospital General Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
J Clin Med. 2022 May 9;11(9):2654. doi: 10.3390/jcm11092654.
(1) Background: To analyze incidence and in-hospital mortality (IHM) of COVID-19 needing hospital admission in Spain (2020) in patients with T2DM. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study. Using the Spanish Register of Specialized Care-Basic Minimum Database we estimated age-adjusted incidence rates (IR). (3) Results: We included 203,488 patients (56.77% men), of whom 45,620 (22.41%) had T2DM. Age-adjusted IRs/1000 for men with and without T2DM was 12.90 and 5.87, respectively (IRR 2.20; 95% CI 2.18−2.22; p < 0.001), and for women with and without T2DM was 9.23 and 4.27, respectively (IRR 2.16; 95% CI 2.13−2.19; p < 0.001). Crude IHM was 23.86% in people with T2DM, and 15.94% in non-T2DM people (p < 0.001). After matching, intensive-care admission (7.37% vs. 6.15%; p < 0.001) and IHM (23.37% vs. 20.41%; p < 0.001) remained higher in women with T2DM. After matching, IHM among T2DM men was 1.5% higher than among non-T2DM men (24.27% vs. 22.72%; p < 0.001). Men with T2DM had a 34% higher IHM than women with T2DM. Prevalent T2DM increased IHM among women (1.09; 95% 1.03−1.16) and men (1.05; 95% 1.01−1.10). (4) Conclusions: Incidence rates of COVID-19 needing hospital admission were higher in men vs. women, and for people with T2DM vs. non-T2DM. Men had higher IHM beside T2DM status. Prevalent T2DM was associated with higher IHM for both sexes.
(1) 背景：分析2020年西班牙需要住院治疗的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的发病率及住院死亡率（IHM）。(2) 方法：我们进行了一项回顾性队列研究。利用西班牙专科护理登记册 - 基本最小数据库，我们估算了年龄调整发病率（IR）。(3) 结果：我们纳入了203,488例患者（56.77%为男性），其中45,620例（22.41%）患有T2DM。患有和未患有T2DM的男性年龄调整后的每1000人发病率分别为12.90和5.87（发病率比[IRR] 2.20；95%置信区间[CI] 2.18 - 2.22；p < 0.001），患有和未患有T2DM的女性分别为9.23和4.27（IRR 2.16；95% CI 2.13 - 2.19；p < 0.001）。T2DM患者的粗住院死亡率为23.86%，非T2DM患者为15.94%（p < 0.001）。匹配后，患有T2DM的女性重症监护病房入住率（7.37%对6.15%；p < 0.001）和住院死亡率（23.37%对20.41%；p < 0.001）仍然更高。匹配后，T2DM男性的住院死亡率比非T2DM男性高1.5%（24.27%对22.72%；p < 0.001）。患有T2DM的男性住院死亡率比患有T2DM的女性高34%。患T2DM会增加女性（1.09；95% 1.03 - 1.16）和男性（1.05；95% 1.01 - 1.10）的住院死亡率。(4) 结论：需要住院治疗的COVID-19发病率男性高于女性，T2DM患者高于非T2DM患者。无论T2DM状态如何，男性的住院死亡率都更高。患T2DM与两性更高的住院死亡率相关。
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