Morais Maria Cristina, Cabral João Alexandre, Gonçalves Berta
Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Apr 26;11(9):1171. doi: 10.3390/plants11091171.
The success of invasive alien species (IAS) is often linked to differences in functional traits in relation to other, either native or non-invasive, species. Two of the most problematic IAS in the Mediterranean area belong to and genera that often invade pine plantations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the seasonal variations in photosynthetic pigments, total phenolics, and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), including total soluble sugars (SS) and starch (St), and lipid peroxidation, in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves of evergreen species, two IAS ( and ) and one native (), throughout 2019. All parameters showed a pronounced seasonal variability while also differing across species. Generally, the lowest contents of photosynthetic pigments, phenolics and SS were noted in early spring, along with the highest St and NSC values. On the other hand, higher photosynthetic pigment and lower NSC contents were measured in early autumn and early winter. When these parameters were compared across the three species, the IAS had significantly higher content of photosynthetic pigments, mainly chlorophyll and total chlorophyll, and lower total phenolics and MDA concentrations in their leaves than . Differences in seasonal patterns were also observed. and had considerably higher chlorophyll, SS and NSC contents in the early autumn, while had higher St and MDA contents in early summer. Overall, the biochemical characteristics of leaves of the studied IAS can explain their success in the Mediterranean area, in terms of tolerance to stressful environmental conditions.
外来入侵物种（IAS）的成功往往与功能性状上与其他本地或非入侵物种的差异有关。地中海地区两个最具问题的外来入侵物种属于经常入侵松树种植园的[具体属名1]和[具体属名2]属。因此，本研究的目的是评估2019年全年常绿物种、两种外来入侵物种（[物种名1]和[物种名2]）以及一种本地物种（[物种名3]）叶片中光合色素、总酚类、非结构性碳水化合物（NSC）（包括总可溶性糖（SS）和淀粉（St））以及脂质过氧化（以丙二醛（MDA）衡量）的季节性变化。所有参数都呈现出明显的季节性变化，同时不同物种之间也存在差异。一般来说，早春时光合色素、酚类和SS含量最低，同时St和NSC值最高。另一方面，在初秋和初冬时测量到较高的光合色素含量和较低的NSC含量。当对这三个物种的这些参数进行比较时，外来入侵物种叶片中的光合色素含量显著更高，主要是叶绿素[具体叶绿素名称]和总叶绿素，并且其叶片中的总酚类和MDA浓度低于[物种名3]。还观察到季节性模式的差异。[物种名1]和[物种名2]在初秋时叶绿素、SS和NSC含量相当高，而[物种名3]在初夏时St和MDA含量较高。总体而言，就对压力环境条件的耐受性而言，所研究外来入侵物种叶片的生化特征可以解释它们在地中海地区的成功。
