Hussein Hebat-Allah A, Alshammari Shifaa O, Kenawy Sahar K M, Elkady Fatma M, Badawy Ali A
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls Branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt.
Biology Department, University College of Nairiyah, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Nairiyah 31991, Saudi Arabia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Apr 30;11(9):1219. doi: 10.3390/plants11091219.
Drought is the main limiting abiotic environmental stress worldwide. Water scarcity restricts the growth, development, and productivity of crops. Wheat ( L.) is a fundamentally cultivated cereal crop. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of grain-priming with arginine (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM) on growth performance and some physiological aspects of wheat plants under normal or drought-stressed conditions. Morphological growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugars, free amino acids, proline, total phenols, flavonoids, and proteins profiles were determined. Drought stress lowered plant growth parameters and chlorophyll and contents while increasing carotenoids, soluble sugars, free amino acids, proline, total phenols, and flavonoids. Soaking wheat grains with arginine (0.25, 0.5, and 1 mM) improves plant growth and mitigates the harmful effects of drought stress. The most effective treatment to alleviate the effects of drought stress on wheat plants was (1 mM) arginine, that increased root length (48.3%), leaves number (136%), shoot fresh weight (110.5%), root fresh weight (110.8%), root dry weight (107.7%), chlorophyll (11.4%), chlorophyll (38.7%), and carotenoids content (41.9%) compared to the corresponding control values. Arginine enhanced the synthesis of soluble sugars, proline, free amino acids, phenols, and flavonoids in wheat plants under normal or stressed conditions. Furthermore, the protein profile varies in response to drought stress and arginine pretreatments. Ultimately, pretreatment with arginine had a powerful potential to face the impacts of drought stress on wheat plants by promoting physiological and metabolic aspects.
干旱是全球主要的非生物环境限制因素。水资源短缺限制了作物的生长、发育和生产力。小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）是一种重要的栽培谷类作物。本研究旨在评估在正常或干旱胁迫条件下，用精氨酸（0.25、0.5和1 mM）对小麦种子进行引发处理对其生长性能和一些生理方面的影响。测定了形态生长参数、光合色素、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、脯氨酸、总酚、类黄酮和蛋白质谱。干旱胁迫降低了植物生长参数以及叶绿素a和叶绿素b的含量，同时增加了类胡萝卜素、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、脯氨酸、总酚和类黄酮的含量。用精氨酸（0.25、0.5和1 mM）浸泡小麦种子可改善植物生长并减轻干旱胁迫的有害影响。缓解干旱胁迫对小麦植株影响的最有效处理是（1 mM）精氨酸，与相应对照值相比，它使根长增加了48.3%、叶片数增加了136%、地上部鲜重增加了110.5%、根鲜重增加了110.8%、根干重增加了107.7%、叶绿素a增加了11.4%、叶绿素b增加了38.7%以及类胡萝卜素含量增加了41.9%。在正常或胁迫条件下，精氨酸增强了小麦植株中可溶性糖、脯氨酸、游离氨基酸、酚类和类黄酮的合成。此外，蛋白质谱因干旱胁迫和精氨酸预处理而有所不同。最终，精氨酸预处理具有强大的潜力，可通过促进生理和代谢方面来应对干旱胁迫对小麦植株的影响。
